The application of compost has been recognized as one of the most promising approaches for preserving soil quality and crop production. The present study exhaustively investigates the impact of Water Hyacinth Compost (WHC), Hydrilla verticillata Compost (HVC) and Vegetable Waste Compost (VWC) on soil nutrient quality and engineering properties [Bulk Density (BD), water retention and specific gravity]. For the study, six different proportions constituting 5, 10, 15, 25, 35 and 45% of the composts by weight of the soil were taken. The soil compost mixtures were evaluated at different periods (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 days) for various nutrients [Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)], BD, water retention capacity, change in specific gravity and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) values. It was observed that when the percentage of compost was increased to 15–45%, it resulted in enhanced nutrient value of the soil. Also, for WHC, HVC and VWC 60 days was sufficient to improve the soil quality to its maximum extend. Based on the optimized physico-chemical properties generated from the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model, it was found that compared to WHC and HVC, the VWC performed better results viz., generating low BD (0.87 g/cm³), high water retention capacity (45.63%) and degree of saturation (77.49%) of the soil. While WHC, HVC and VWC can be used to improve soil nutrient content and overall physico-chemical parameters in long terms, VWC could be more efficient and beneficial to degraded soil for restoring soil health.

堆肥的应用已被公认为是保护土壤质量和作物生产的最有前途的方法之一。本研究详尽调查了水葫芦堆肥（WHC），黑头水霉（Hydrilla verticillata）的影响堆肥（HVC）和蔬菜废料堆肥（VWC）对土壤养分质量和工程特性的影响[堆密度（BD），保水率和比重]。为了进行研究，采用了六种不同的比例，分别占土壤重量的5、10、15、25、35和45％。在不同时期（0、15、30、45、60和120天）评估了土壤堆肥混合物的各种养分[Na，Mg，P，K，Ca，总有机碳（TOC），总凯氏氮（TKN）” ]，BD，保水量，比重变化和阳离子交换量（CEC）值。可以观察到，当堆肥的百分比增加到15–45％时，它会增加土壤的养分价值。同样，对于WHC，HVC和VWC，60天足以最大限度地改善土壤质量。³），土壤的高保水能力（45.63％）和饱和度（77.49％）。虽然长期使用WHC，HVC和VWC可以改善土壤养分含量和总体理化参数，但VWC可能更有效，并且对退化的土壤有益，可以恢复土壤健康。