Methylone's rewarding effects have been well characterized; however, little is known about its aversive effects and how such effects may be impacted by sex. In this context, the present study investigated the aversive effects of methylone (vehicle, 5.6, 10 or 18 mg/kg, IP) in 35 male and 31 female Sprague-Dawley rats assessed by conditioned taste avoidance and changes in body temperature and activity/stereotypies. Methylone induced significant taste avoidance, changes in temperature and increased activity and stereotypies in both males and females. Similar to work with other synthetic cathinones, methylone has aversive effects as indexed by significant taste avoidance and changes in temperature and activity (two characteristics of methylone overdose in humans). The only endpoint for which there were significant sex differences was in general activity with males displaying a faster onset and females displaying a longer duration. Although sex was not a factor with taste avoidance and temperature, separate analyses for males and females revealed different patterns, e.g., males displayed a more rapid acquisition of taste avoidance and females displayed changes in temperature at lower doses. Males displayed a faster onset and females displayed a longer duration of activity (consistent with the analyses considering sex as a factor), while time- and dose-dependent stereotypies did not show consistent pattern differences. Although sex differences were relatively limited when sex was specifically assessed as a factor (or only evident when sex comparisons were made in the patterns of effects), sex as a biological variable in the study of drugs should be made to determine if differences exist and, if evident, the basis for these differences.

甲基酮的奖赏效果已得到很好的表征；然而，人们对其不良影响以及此类影响如何受到性影响知之甚少。在这种情况下，本研究调查了甲基酮（媒介物，5.6、10 或 18 mg/kg，IP）对 35 只雄性和 31 只雌性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠的厌恶影响，这些大鼠通过条件性味觉回避和体温和活动的变化进行评估/成见。甲基酮导致男性和女性显着回避味道、温度变化以及活动增加和刻板印象。类似于与其他合成卡西酮一起使用，甲基酮具有厌恶作用，表现为明显的味觉回避以及温度和活性的变化（人类过量甲基酮的两个特征）。唯一存在显着性别差异的终点是一般活动，男性表现出更快的发作而女性表现出更长的持续时间。尽管性别不是味觉回避和温度的影响因素，但对男性和女性的单独分析揭示了不同的模式，例如，男性表现出更快的味觉回避习得，而女性在较低剂量下表现出温度变化。男性表现出更快的发作，女性表现出更长的活动持续时间（与将性别视为一个因素的分析一致），而时间和剂量依赖性刻板印象并未显示出一致的模式差异。尽管当性别作为一个因素被具体评估时（或仅当在影响模式中进行性别比较时才明显），性别差异相对有限，