ABSTRACT

Background

Psychotic experiences (PEs) occur in the general population, serving as indicators of vulnerability to psychotic disorders and other mental and physical concerns. Environmental stressors, including violence exposure and social disconnection are associated with PEs, although the exact nature of these relations is unknown.

Methods

Data were drawn from an online community sample of 1,000 adults (476 male) residing in Baltimore or New York City. Binary logistic regression and mediation analyses were used to examine associations between PEs, violence exposure (adverse childhood experiences; intimate partner violence), and social disconnectedness (personal; neighborhood).

Results

Personal social disconnectedness was significantly associated with delusional mood (p < .001). Neighborhood social disconnectedness was significantly associated with delusional mood (p < .01), delusions of reference and persecution (p < .001), delusions of control (p < .01), and hallucinations (p < .01). Both subtypes of violence exposure were found to have significant direct effects on PEs (p < .001). Personal social disconnectedness accounted for 6.72-7.87% of the total effect of violence exposure on PEs, whereas neighborhood social disconnectedness was found to account for 5.14-6.74% of the total effect.

Discussion

The results advance understandings of prominent environmental risks for psychosis, and offer new implications for public health consideration of psychosis.

中文翻译：

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城市社区样本中的暴力暴露、精神病经历和社会脱节

摘要

背景

精神病经历 (PE) 发生在普通人群中，作为易患精神病和其他精神和身体问题的指标。环境压力因素，包括暴力暴露和社会脱节与 PE 相关，尽管这些关系的确切性质尚不清楚。

方法

数据来自居住在巴尔的摩或纽约市的 1,000 名成年人（476 名男性）的在线社区样本。二元逻辑回归和中介分析用于检查 PE、暴力暴露（不良童年经历；亲密伴侣暴力）和社会脱节（个人；邻里）之间的关联。

结果

个人社交脱节与妄想情绪显着相关（p < .001）。邻里社会脱节与妄想情绪 (p < .01)、参考和迫害妄想 (p < .001)、控制妄想 (p < .01) 和幻觉 (p < .01) 显着相关。两种暴力暴露亚型都被发现对 PE 有显着的直接影响 (p < .001)。个人社会脱节占暴力暴露对 PE 总影响的 6.72-7.87%，而邻里社会脱节占总影响的 5.14-6.74%。

讨论

结果促进了对精神病的突出环境风险的理解，并为精神病的公共卫生考虑提供了新的意义。