The formation of long-lived memory T cells is a critical feature of the adaptive immune response. T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to establish a functional memory population. While initial studies characterized key metabolic pathways necessary for memory T-cell development, recent findings highlight that metabolic regulation of memory T-cell subsets is diverse. Here we describe the different requirements for metabolic programs and metabolism-related signaling pathways in memory T-cell development. We further discuss the contribution of cellular metabolism to memory T-cell functional reprogramming and stemness within acute and chronic inflammatory environments. Last, we highlight knowledge gaps and propose approaches to determine the roles of metabolites and metabolic enzymes in memory T-cell fate. Understanding how cellular metabolism regulates a functionally diverse memory population will undoubtedly provide new therapeutic insights to modulate protective T-cell immunity in human disease.

中文翻译：

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记忆 T 细胞生成和干性的代谢控制

长寿记忆 T 细胞的形成是适应性免疫反应的一个关键特征。T 细胞经历代谢重编程以建立功能性记忆群。虽然最初的研究表征了记忆 T 细胞发育所必需的关键代谢途径，但最近的研究结果强调记忆 T 细胞亚群的代谢调节是多种多样的。在这里，我们描述了记忆 T 细胞发育中代谢程序和代谢相关信号通路的不同要求。我们进一步讨论了细胞代谢对急性和慢性炎症环境中记忆 T 细胞功能重编程和干性的贡献。最后，我们强调知识差距并提出确定代谢物和代谢酶在记忆 T 细胞命运中的作用的方法。