Sand roughness is now accessible to measurement. Incorporating this parameter into sand models using the discrete element method (DEM) is known to improve bulk small strain response. In this work we explore the effect on problems where particle crushing takes place. A well-established DEM particle crushing model and a rough Hertzian contact model are here combined to incorporate both effects in a single contact model. Including contact roughness results in stronger particles whilst all other material parameters being equal. The model is then used to simulate high pressure oedometric compression tests on a strong silica sand. It is shown that including realistic values of surface roughness enables to correctly capture both load-unload behaviour and particle size distribution evolution while using realistic values of elastic bulk properties for the sand grains. Roughness is then a model refinement that may result in simpler, more objective DEM calibrations.

现在可以测量沙子粗糙度。已知使用离散元方法 (DEM) 将此参数合并到砂模型中可以改善体小应变响应。在这项工作中，我们探讨了对发生颗粒破碎的问题的影响。一个完善的 DEM 颗粒破碎模型和一个粗糙的赫兹接触模型在这里结合起来，将这两种影响合并到一个接触模型中。包括接触粗糙度会产生更强的颗粒，而所有其他材料参数都相同。然后使用该模型来模拟在坚固的硅砂上进行的高压流体力学压缩测试。结果表明，包括表面粗糙度的实际值能够正确捕获加载-卸载行为和粒度分布演变，同时使用砂粒弹性体积特性的实际值。粗糙度是一种模型改进，可能会导致更简单、更客观的 DEM 校准。