Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning Pub Date : 2021-04-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.03.010 Nancy L Borja-Hart 1 , A Shaun Rowe 2 , Justin Gatwood 1 , James Wheeler 2
Introduction
Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) denote activities and tasks students should be able to perform by graduation irrespective of their practice setting. Formulary decision-making includes several core EPA related skills, such as utilization of drug information, written, and verbal skills. The objective of this study was to describe an EPA supporting task aimed at improving utilization of evidence-based medicine skills and its impact on student self-perceived confidence, rating of skills needed, and competence.
Methods
Teams comprised of six to seven students were assigned a drug and instructed to complete the following activities: (1) background literature search, (2) drug monograph, (3) five-min presentation to simulate a live pharmacy and therapeutics (P&T) committee meeting, and (4) vote on a formulary drug in each drug class. Students completed a pre/post five-point Likert scale self-efficacy survey and a perceived importance survey. A scoring rubric assessed monograph and presentation elements (max points 30). Survey items were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Descriptive statistics were used for assignment grades.
Results
One hundred ninety students completed the pre/post self-efficacy and perceived importance survey. Confidence showed statistically significant improvement (P < .001) in nine target skill areas. In ranking importance, all 12 assessed skills exhibited a statistically significant increase following the activity.
Conclusions
A mock P&T activity represents an innovative way to evaluate an EPA supporting task that allows students to improve their evidence-based analysis, written, and verbal communication skills.
中文翻译:
将模拟药学和治疗学委员会合并为一项可委托的专业活动支持任务
介绍
可信任的专业活动 (EPA) 表示学生在毕业时应该能够执行的活动和任务,而不管他们的实践环境如何。处方决策包括多项与 EPA 相关的核心技能,例如药物信息的利用、书面和口头技能。本研究的目的是描述一项 EPA 支持任务,旨在提高循证医学技能的利用及其对学生自我认知信心、所需技能评级和能力的影响。
方法
由 6 到 7 名学生组成的团队被分配一种药物,并被指示完成以下活动:(1) 背景文献检索,(2) 药物专着,(3) 模拟现场药房和治疗 (P&T) 委员会的五分钟演示会议,以及 (4) 对每个药物类别中的处方药进行投票。学生完成了前/后五点李克特量表自我效能调查和感知重要性调查。评分标准评估了专着和介绍元素(最高分 30)。使用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验分析调查项目。描述性统计用于作业成绩。
结果
190 名学生完成了前后自我效能感和感知重要性调查。信心在九个目标技能领域显示出统计学上的显着改善 ( P < .001)。在排名重要性方面,所有 12 项评估技能在活动后都表现出统计上的显着增加。
结论
模拟 P&T 活动代表了一种评估 EPA 支持任务的创新方法,可让学生提高他们的循证分析、书面和口头沟通技巧。