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Precise real-time navigation of LEO satellites using GNSS broadcast ephemerides
NAVIGATION ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-03 , DOI: 10.1002/navi.416
André Hauschild 1 , Oliver Montenbruck 1
Affiliation  

The availability of orbit information with high precision and low latency is a key requirement for many Earth-observation missions, predominantly in the field of radio occultation. Traditionally, precise orbit determination solutions of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are obtained offline on ground after downloading GNSS measurements and auxiliary spacecraft data to the processing center. The latency of this processing depends on the frequency of LEO downlink contacts and the availability of precise GNSS orbit and clock products required for the orbit determination process. These dependencies can be removed by computing the precise orbit determination solution on board the satellite using GNSS broadcast ephemerides. In this study, both real data and simulated measurements from a representative LEO satellite are processed in a flight-proven Kalman-filter algorithm. The paper studies the use of GPS, Galileo and BeiDou-3 for real-time orbit determination in different combinations with simulated measurements. Results show that use of dual-frequency observations and broadcast ephemerides of Galileo and BeiDou-3 leads to a significant reduction of 3D rms orbit errors compared to GPS-only processing. An onboard navigation accuracy of about one decimeter can be achieved without external augmentation data, which opens up new prospects for conducting relevant parts of the science data processing in future space missions directly on board a LEO satellite.

中文翻译:

使用 GNSS 广播星历对 LEO 卫星进行精确实时导航

高精度和低延迟的轨道信息的可用性是许多地球观测任务的关键要求,主要是在无线电掩星领域。传统上,低地球轨道(LEO)卫星的精确定轨方案是将GNSS测量数据和辅助航天器数据下载到处理中心后,在地面离线获取。此处理的延迟取决于 LEO 下行链路联系的频率以及轨道确定过程所需的精确 GNSS 轨道和时钟产品的可用性。这些相关性可以通过使用 GNSS 广播星历计算卫星上的精确轨道确定解决方案来消除。在这项研究中,来自具有代表性的 LEO 卫星的真实数据和模拟测量结果均在经过飞行验证的卡尔曼滤波器算法中进行处理。该论文研究了使用 GPS、Galileo 和北斗 3 以不同的组合与模拟测量进行实时轨道确定。结果表明,与仅使用 GPS 的处理相比,使用伽利略和北斗 3 的双频观测和广播星历可显着减少 3D rms 轨道误差。无需外部增强数据即可实现约一分米的机载导航精度,这为在未来直接在低轨卫星上进行太空任务中相关部分科学数据处理开辟了新的前景。伽利略和北斗 3 用于以不同组合与模拟测量进行实时轨道确定。结果表明,与仅使用 GPS 的处理相比,使用伽利略和北斗 3 的双频观测和广播星历可显着减少 3D rms 轨道误差。无需外部增强数据即可实现约一分米的机载导航精度,这为在未来直接在低轨卫星上进行太空任务中相关部分科学数据处理开辟了新的前景。伽利略和北斗 3 用于以不同组合与模拟测量进行实时轨道确定。结果表明,与仅使用 GPS 的处理相比,使用伽利略和北斗 3 的双频观测和广播星历可显着减少 3D rms 轨道误差。无需外部增强数据即可实现约一分米的机载导航精度,这为在未来直接在低轨卫星上进行太空任务中相关部分科学数据处理开辟了新的前景。
更新日期:2021-06-11
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