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Short-Term Assessment of Radiological Impact and Potential Risk to Workers and Public from Argonaut Nuclear Reactor Accidental Release
Nuclear Technology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-03 , DOI: 10.1080/00295450.2020.1846986
Paula C. Souza 1 , André S. Aguiar 1 , Adino Heimlich 1 , Celso M. F. Lapa 1 , Fernando Lamego 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

In the early days of nuclear energy in Brazil, a reactor named Argonaut, designed at Argonne National Laboratory, reached criticality at the Institute of Nuclear Engineering (IEN). The presence of a nuclear research facility at the campus of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro is still a cause of concern with regard to the radiological safety of the surrounding community, even though this facility has been securely operating for more than 50 years. In addition, the risk premium paid to IEN workers has also been disputed by the National Office of Account Control. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the radiological impact and potential risk from Argonaut reactor accidental releases. A recent accident scenario reassessment concluded that severe physical damage of the core after reactor shutdown should be the emergency situation with the greatest potential risk among feasible postulated accidents. The damage caused by failure of a handling crane dropping concrete shielding covers (each weighing 2.5 tons) on the core would lead to breaking of the aluminum coating and the nuclear fuel plates with their release to the reactor hall. This paper evaluates the short-term effective dose rates by inhalation and plume immersion for workers and members of the public, which would be induced by inventory partial release to the atmosphere. The conclusion is that potential risk remains above 1/10 of the limit of annual dose for workers while it stays below the transient levels for members of the public in unrestricted areas.



中文翻译:

Argonaut 核反应堆意外泄漏对工人和公众的放射性影响和潜在风险的短期评估

摘要

在巴西核能的早期,由阿贡国家实验室设计的名为 Argonaut 的反应堆在核工程研究所 (IEN) 达到临界状态。里约热内卢联邦大学校园内核研究设施的存在仍然引起人们对周围社区放射安全的关注,尽管该设施已经安全运行了 50 多年。此外,支付给 IEN 员工的风险溢价也受到了国家账户控制办公室的质疑。因此,本研究的目的是评估 Argonaut 反应堆意外释放的放射性影响和潜在风险。最近的事故情景重新评估得出结论,反应堆停堆后堆芯的严重物理损坏应该是可行的假设事故中潜在风险最大的紧急情况。搬运起重机故障将混凝土屏蔽罩(每个重 2.5 吨)掉落到堆芯上造成的损坏将导致铝涂层和核燃料板破裂,并将其释放到反应堆大厅。本文评估了工作人员和公众吸入和羽流浸入的短期有效剂量率,这可能是由部分释放到大气中引起的。结论是,潜在风险仍高于工作人员年剂量限值的 1/10,而对于不受限制地区的公众而言,则保持在瞬态水平以下。

更新日期:2021-04-03
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