ABSTRACT

The article follows the evolution of administrative discourse on the identification of people in Martinique after the abolition of slavery. Censuses, internal passports, workers’ booklets and immigration cards provide a specific perspective from which to study the connections between labour, mobility and the construction of ‘race’. Beyond their apparent neutrality, these technologies drive vast governmental projects. Drawing on archive materials, the article tracks the ambitions, limits and social conflicts which characterized the politics of identification between 1852 and 1880. The interlocking histories of internal mobility and international migration are considered from the standpoint of identification practices, showing their relevance for the understanding of notions of ‘citizenship’ and of ‘assimilation’.

摘要

文章追踪了废除奴隶制后马提尼克岛人身份识别的行政话语的演变。人口普查、内部护照、工人手册和移民卡提供了一个特定的视角，从中可以研究劳动力、流动性和“种族”结构之间的联系。除了表面上的中立性之外，这些技术还推动了庞大的政府项目。文章利用档案材料追踪了 1852 年至 1880 年间认同政治特征的野心、限制和社会冲突。 “公民”和“同化”的概念。