ABSTRACT

Transnational approaches have led to conceptualisations of migration as a phenomenon that is embedded within globalisation processes. Overwhelmingly, emphasis is placed on the transnational connections migrants maintain with their relatives. Technological advancements have facilitated sustained communication, remittance transfers and return visits between migrants and their relatives. However, the role of shipping companies, as transnational actors based in destination countries with partners in origin countries, that help migrants and their relatives to co-create/maintain their livelihoods has been overlooked. Drawing on data from Ghanaian migrants in the UK who send in-kind remittances, their relatives in Ghana who receive in-kind remittances, Ghanaian migrant-owned shipping businesses in the UK and their partners in Ghana, this paper fills that gap in the literature by discussing the operation of ‘door-to-door’ shipping businesses as a type of crucial transnational migrant entrepreneurship that empowers migrants from the 'Global South' and their relatives to overcome transnational livelihood making challenges.

摘要

跨国方法导致将移民概念化为一种植根于全球化进程中的现象。绝大多数情况下，重点放在移民与其亲属保持的跨国联系上。技术进步促进了流动人口与其亲属之间的持续沟通、汇款转账和回访。然而，航运公司作为总部设在目的地国并在原籍国设有合作伙伴的跨国行为者，在帮助移民及其亲属共同创造/维持生计方面的作用却被忽视了。根据来自英国的发送实物汇款的加纳移民、他们在加纳接收实物汇款的亲属、英国的加纳移民拥有的航运企业及其在加纳的合作伙伴的数据，