In this paper, we present a novel method to tailor the radiation pattern of an antenna element, such as a single element of an array, by maximizing its partial radiation efficiency in the desired angular space. The tailored pattern of the single element is achieved by current distribution synthesis using multiple feed points in the antenna. A method to determine and realize the currents at the feeds is presented. The method is demonstrated by designing and manufacturing a four-element linear array consisting of tailored antenna elements and comparing its performance to the reference case. The element consists of four closely-spaced metallic patches placed on a substrate backed with a ground plane, and each patch is separately fed. The initial four-port feed is reduced to a single feed with a feeding network based on the determined currents. A conventional patch antenna is chosen as the reference. The simulated and measured results show improvement in the realized gain in the desired angular space.

中文翻译：

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一种调整单个天线单元增益方向图的方法

在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的方法，可通过在所需的角空间内最大化其部分辐射效率来调整天线元件（例如阵列的单个元件）的辐射方向图。通过使用天线中的多个馈电点进行电流分布合成，可以实现单个元件的定制图样。提出了一种确定和实现馈电电流的方法。通过设计和制造由定制天线元件组成的四元件线性阵列并将其性能与参考案例进行比较，证明了该方法。该元件由四个紧密间隔的金属贴片组成，这些金属贴片放置在带有接地平面的基板上，并且每个贴片均被单独送入。最初的四端口馈电基于确定的电流，通过馈电网络减少为单馈电。选择常规的贴片天线作为参考。仿真和测量结果表明，在所需角度空间中实现的增益有所提高。