ABSTRACT

Touch interaction has established a dominating role in the realisation of Human–Machine Interfaces. However, to be able to use touch effectively and efficiently, users have to comply with particular prerequisites. Due to age-related changes, such as the decline of tactile accuracy and speed, especially elderly users often struggle with the touch modality. Interfaces that adapt to specific user characteristics could be a promising solution to overcome this problem. Notwithstanding the advantages of adaptive systems, perceived changes in the user interface can reduce the system's predictability and transparency. The present study compares three approaches concerning the adaptation of touch button sizes: no adaptation and adaptation with visible and invisible feedback. Results show that especially elderly users substantially benefit from an adaptive approach. Furthermore, data shows that the type of adaptation supports different usage goals. While adaption with visual feedback enables a higher interaction speed, invisible adaptation leads to a higher degree of accuracy.

摘要

触摸交互在人机界面的实现中占据了主导地位。然而，为了能够有效且高效地使用触摸，用户必须遵守特定的先决条件。由于与年龄相关的变化，例如触觉准确性和速度的下降，尤其是老年用户经常对触摸方式感到困惑。适应特定用户特征的界面可能是克服这个问题的有前途的解决方案。尽管自适应系统具有优势，但用户界面的感知变化会降低系统的可预测性和透明度。本研究比较了三种有关触摸按钮尺寸适应的方法：无适应和有可见和不可见反馈的适应。结果表明，特别是老年用户从适应性方法中受益匪浅。此外，数据显示适配类型支持不同的使用目标。虽然带有视觉反馈的适应可以实现更高的交互速度，但不可见的适应会带来更高的准确性。