Evaluating the impact of anthropogenic habitats on wildlife has been a major topic of research and conservation concern. However, most knowledge relies on incidence data, masking some of the effects that human land uses have on animal behavior. We explored the use of avian behaviors for measuring the impact of an indigenous working landscape on biodiversity. Specifically, we examined how land uses (i.e. conservation forests, selective forestry management plots, forests sanitation areas, urban-cropfield sites) in a Neotropical working landscape affect bird behaviors (i.e. feeding, perching, preening, fighting, breeding). We estimated and compared the proportion of times that we recorded birds performing each behavior across land uses, seasons, and avian groups. Moreover, we estimated species richness for our focal bird assemblages and land uses, which we compared with the behavioral patterns. Results revealed that species richness and behaviors provide different pieces of information. According to our estimates of species richness, urban-cropfield areas harbored the greatest number of species during both winter and summer for most of the avian groups, including forest birds. However, behavioral analyses showed that forestry plots are particularly important for resident forest birds, frugivores, and insectivores since these bird groups exhibited high frequencies of feeding, perching, and breeding behaviors at these sites. Urban-cropfield specialists and migrants showed low frequencies of behaviors in all forested sites. Urban-cropfield areas benefited granivores and nectarivores, a pattern that was likely driven by increased availability of grains and nectar. Our results support the use of behavior for evaluating the impact of anthropogenic habitats on animals, identifying supplementary habitats for wildlife, and assessing the sustainability of working landscapes.

评估人为栖息地对野生生物的影响一直是研究和保护方面的主要议题。但是，大多数知识依赖于发病率数据，掩盖了人类土地使用对动物行为的某些影响。我们探索了使用鸟类行为来衡量本土工作景观对生物多样性的影响。具体来说，我们研究了新热带工作景观中的土地利用（即保护林，选择性林业管理区，森林卫生区，城市作物田地）如何影响鸟类的行为（即进食，栖息，觅食，战斗，繁殖）。我们估算并比较了记录鸟类在土地利用，季节和鸟类群体中执行每种行为的次数的比例。此外，我们估算了重点鸟类种群和土地利用的物种丰富度，我们将其与行为模式进行了比较。结果表明，物种丰富度和行为提供了不同的信息。根据我们对物种丰富度的估计，对于包括森林鸟类在内的大多数鸟类而言，城市作物田地区在冬季和夏季都拥有最多种类的物种。但是，行为分析表明，对于这些常驻林鸟，节食动物和食虫动物来说，林地尤其重要，因为这些鸟类在这些地方表现出较高的进食，栖息和繁殖行为。城市农作物专家和移民在所有林地中的行为频率都很低。城市作物田地区受益于肉食动物和油桃，这可能是由于谷物和花蜜的可利用性增加所致。