ABSTRACT

Introduction: Although the safety of biliary tract cancer resection has improved over the years, the recurrence rate is still high, and the postoperative prognosis remains low after biliary tract cancer resection. Therefore, the development of effective adjuvant therapy is essential to improve treatment outcomes. Because biliary tract cancer is rare compared with other gastrointestinal cancers, there have been only a small number of clinical trials of adjuvant therapy. However, in recent years, the results of several large-scale randomized controlled trials have been published, and clinical trials investigating the efficacy of new regimens are currently ongoing.

Areas covered: This review presents the results of previously published important phase II and III clinical trials of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy for biliary tract cancer and discusses their interpretation. The future direction of new research on resectable biliary tract cancer treatment is also discussed.

Expert opinion: The foundations of large-scale clinical trials of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy for biliary tract cancer are underway, and new trials will establish evidence of their effectiveness. Additionally, breakthroughs in treatment through genetic and molecular research are expected.

摘要

简介：虽然多年来胆道癌切除术的安全性有所提高，但复发率仍然很高，胆道癌切除术后的预后仍然很低。因此，开发有效的辅助治疗对于改善治疗结果至关重要。由于胆道癌与其他胃肠道癌相比较为罕见，因此仅有少量的辅助治疗临床试验。然而，近年来，多项大规模随机对照试验的结果已经发表，目前正在研究新方案疗效的临床试验正在进行中。

涵盖的领域：本综述介绍了先前发表的重要的胆道癌辅助和新辅助治疗的 II 期和 III 期临床试验的结果，并讨论了它们的解释。还讨论了可切除胆道癌治疗新研究的未来方向。

专家意见：胆道癌辅助和新辅助治疗的大规模临床试验正在进行中，新的试验将确立其有效性的证据。此外，预计通过遗传和分子研究在治疗方面取得突破。