ABSTRACT

Introduction

Neurocysticercosis is caused by the localization of Taenia solium larvae in the central nervous system. The disease remains endemic in most countries of Latin America, Asia and Africa. While major improvements have been made in its diagnosis and treatment, uncertainties persist regarding the clinical implications and treatment of the inflammatory reaction associated with the disease.

Areas covered

In this review, based on PubMed searches, the authors describe the characteristics of the immune-inflammatory response in patients with neurocysticercosis, its clinical implications and the treatment currently administered. The dual role of inflammation (participating in both, the death of the parasite, and the precipitation of serious complications) is discussed. New therapeutic strategies of potential interest are presented.

Expert opinion

Inflammatory reaction is the main pathogenic mechanism associated to neurocysticercosis. Its management is mainly based on corticosteroids administration. This strategy had improved prognostic of patients as it allows for the control of most of the inflammatory complications. On the other side, it might be involved in the persistence of parasites in some patients, despite cysticidal treatment, due to its immunosuppressive properties. New strategies are needed to improve therapeutical management, particularly in the severest presentations.

中文翻译：

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神经囊尾蚴病的炎症：临床相关性和对治疗决策的影响

摘要

介绍

神经囊尾蚴病是由猪带绦虫幼虫在中枢神经系统中的定位引起的。该病在拉丁美洲、亚洲和非洲的大多数国家仍然流行。尽管在其诊断和治疗方面取得了重大进展，但与该疾病相关的炎症反应的临床意义和治疗仍存在不确定性。

涵盖的领域

在这篇综述中，基于 PubMed 搜索，作者描述了神经囊尾蚴病患者免疫炎症反应的特征、其临床意义和目前的治疗方法。讨论了炎症的双重作用（参与两者，寄生虫的死亡和严重并发症的沉淀）。提出了可能感兴趣的新治疗策略。

专家意见

炎症反应是与神经囊尾蚴病相关的主要致病机制。其管理主要基于皮质类固醇给药。这种策略改善了患者的预后，因为它可以控制大多数炎症并发症。另一方面，由于其免疫抑制特性，尽管进行了杀囊治疗，它可能与某些患者的寄生虫持续存在有关。需要新的策略来改善治疗管理，特别是在最严重的表现中。