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Quality Infrastructure of National Metrology Institutes: A Comparative Study
Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-01
Shanay Rab, Sanjay Yadav, S K Jaiswal, Abid Haleem, D K Aswal

Each country has its own system of Quality Infrastructure (QI) developed for the effective operations, management, regulations, control of national trade, international exchanges of goods & collaborations and recognition of their products and services to enable them to enter into the global market. These QI systems consist of national governments, civic, public and private institutions, organizations, boards, associations, forums, scientific societies, federations industries etc. These agencies work in coordination and with synergy to formulate, suggest, execute, disseminate and implement, as per their relevant responsibilities; the national policies, procedures; guidelines, legal & regulatory structure, and good practices to support and strengthen the quality for safe & environmentally friendly products, services, and processes. It relies on metrology, standardization, accreditation, and conformity assessment. Several countries have strong QI, and accordingly, have proper industrial and economic growth. On the contrary, some of the countries lack the necessary infrastructure to meet the quality standards, and as a result, they face problems and challenges in this competitive world. This paper describes the essential components of stronger International Quality Infrastructure (IQI) and the National Quality Infrastructure (NQI). A comparative study carried out on the NQIs of 9 leading countries is also discussed. A comparative study on the Global Quality Infrastructure Index (GQII) of the top 10 economies is also included. Admittedly, though utmost care is taken to accommodate most relevant information, some of the unnoticed discrepancies are not ruled out, which may be unintentional. It is hoped that this paper would be useful for students, researchers, academicians, scientists, metrologists, quality experts, administrators, and policymakers as an information bank on NQIs and GQIIs of several countries.

中文翻译:

国家计量机构的质量基础设施:比较研究

每个国家都有自己的质量基础设施(QI)系统,用于有效运行,管理,法规,国家贸易控制,商品国际交流与合作以及对其产品和服务的认可,从而使它们能够进入全球市场。这些质量保证体系由国家政府,公民,公共和私人机构,组织,理事会,协会,论坛,科学协会,联邦工业等组成。这些机构协同工作,协同努力,制定,建议,执行,传播和实施,根据他们的相关职责;国家政策,程序;准则,法律和法规结构以及良好做法,以支持和增强安全和环保产品,服务和流程的质量。它依赖于计量,标准化,认证和合格评定。几个国家的QI强,因此工业和经济增长也适当。相反,一些国家缺乏必要的基础设施来满足质量标准,因此,他们在这个竞争激烈的世界中面临问题和挑战。本文描述了更强大的国际质量基础架构(IQI)和国家质量基础架构(NQI)的基本组成部分。还讨论了对9个主要国家的NQI进行的比较研究。还包括对前10个经济体的全球质量基础设施指数(GQII)的比较研究。诚然,尽管我们已尽最大努力来容纳最相关的信息,但仍未排除一些未注意到的差异,这可能是无意的。希望本文对于作为几个国家的NQI和GQII信息库的学生,研究人员,院士,科学家,计量学家,质量专家,管理人员和政策制定者有用。
更新日期:2021-04-01
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