Panic buying and hoarding behavior is a significant component of crisis- and disaster-related consumption displacement that has received considerable attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding such purchasing and stockpiling behavior provides critical information for government, disaster managers and the retail sector, as well as policy makers to adjust crisis response strategies and to better understand disaster management, including preparedness and response strategies. This study examines consumer purchasing behavior, retail spending and transactional data for different retail sectors between January 2017 and December 2020 using data for the greater Christchurch region in New Zealand. Once COVID-19-related panic buying began, overall spending increased sharply in anticipation of lockdowns. Transactional spending increased and subsided only slowly to a level higher than pre lockdown. The magnitude of the panic buying event far exceeded historical seasonal patterns of consumer spending outside of Christmas, Easter and Black Friday, although daily spending levels were comparable to such consumption events. The results of the study highlight the importance of comparing panic buying to other events in terms of purchasing motivations and also considering that so-called panic buying may contribute to greater individual and household resilience. The volume of sales alone is not adequate to define panic buying. Instead, the extent of divergence from the normal daily spending value per retail transaction of a given population provides a much more accurate characteristic of panic buying.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19期间的恐慌性购买和消费流离失所：来自新西兰的证据

抢购和ho积行为是与危机和灾难相关的消费流离失所的重要组成部分，在COVID-19大流行期间受到了相当大的关注。了解这种采购和库存行为可为政府，灾难管理者和零售部门以及决策者提供重要信息，以调整危机应对策略并更好地了解灾难管理，包括备灾和应对策略。本研究使用2017年1月至2020年12月期间新西兰大基督城地区的数据，研究了不同零售行业的消费者购买行为，零售支出和交易数据。与COVID-19相关的恐慌性购买开始后，由于受到锁定的预期，总体支出将急剧增加。交易性支出增加且仅缓慢回落至比锁定前高的水平。恐慌性购买事件的规模远远超过了圣诞节，复活节和黑色星期五以外的历史性消费支出季节性模式，尽管每日消费水平可与此类消费事件相提并论。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。恐慌性购买事件的规模远远超过了圣诞节，复活节和黑色星期五以外的历史性消费支出季节性模式，尽管每日消费水平可与此类消费事件相提并论。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。恐慌性购买事件的规模远远超过了圣诞节，复活节和黑色星期五以外的历史性消费支出季节性模式，尽管每日消费水平可与此类消费事件相提并论。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。尽管每日消费水平可与此类消费事件相提并论。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。尽管每日消费水平可与此类消费事件相提并论。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。该研究结果突出了将恐慌购买与其他事件进行比较的重要性，同时还考虑了所谓的恐慌购买可能会增强个人和家庭的适应能力。单凭销售量不足以定义恐慌性购买。取而代之的是，与给定人群的每笔零售交易的正常每日支出价值的差异程度提供了更为准确的恐慌购买特征。