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Detecting telecom single photons with99.5−2.07+0.5% system detection efficiency and high time resolution
APL Photonics ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-30 , DOI: 10.1063/5.0039772
J. Chang 1, 2 , J. W. N. Los 2 , J. O. Tenorio-Pearl 2 , N. Noordzij 2 , R. Gourgues 2 , A. Guardiani 2 , J. R. Zichi 3 , S. F. Pereira 1 , H. P. Urbach 1 , V. Zwiller 2, 3 , S. N. Dorenbos 2 , I. Esmaeil Zadeh 1, 2
Affiliation  

Single photon detectors are indispensable tools in optics, from fundamental measurements to quantum information processing. The ability of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) to detect single photons with unprecedented efficiency, short dead time, and high time resolution over a large frequency range enabled major advances in quantum optics. However, combining near-unity system detection efficiency (SDE) with high timing performance remains an outstanding challenge. In this work, we fabricated novel SNSPDs on membranes with 99.52.07+0.5% SDE at 1350 nm with 32 ps timing jitter (using a room-temperature amplifier), and other detectors in the same batch showed 94%–98% SDE at 1260–1625 nm with 15–26 ps timing jitter (using cryogenic amplifiers). The SiO2/Au membrane enables broadband absorption in small SNSPDs, offering high detection efficiency in combination with high timing performance. With low-noise cryogenic amplifiers operated in the same cryostat, our efficient detectors reach a timing jitter in the range of 15–26 ps. We discuss the prime challenges in optical design, device fabrication, and accurate and reliable detection efficiency measurements to achieve high performance single photon detection. As a result, the fast developing fields of quantum information science, quantum metrology, infrared imaging, and quantum networks will greatly benefit from this far-reaching quantum detection technology.

中文翻译:

以99.5−2.07 + 0.5%的系统检测效率和高时间分辨率检测电信单光子

从基础测量到量子信息处理,单光子探测器是光学中必不可少的工具。超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)能够以前所未有的效率,较短的死区时间和在较大频率范围内的高时间分辨率探测单光子的能力,使量子光学技术取得了重大进展。但是,将近统一系统检测效率(SDE)与高定时性能相结合仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这项工作中,我们在膜上制备了新颖的SNSPD99.5-2.07+0.5在1350 nm时具有32 ps定时抖动的SDE百分比(使用室温放大器),并且同一批次中的其他检测器在1260–1625 nm时具有15–26 ps定时抖动的SDE达到94%–98%(使用低温放大器) 。SiO 2/ Au膜可在小型SNSPD中实现宽带吸收,并具有高检测效率和高定时性能。借助在同一低温恒温器中运行的低噪声低温放大器,我们的高效检测器可达到15–26 ps范围内的定时抖动。我们讨论了光学设计,设备制造以及准确,可靠的检测效率测量中的主要挑战,以实现高性能的单光子检测。结果,量子信息科学,量子计量学,红外成像和量子网络等快速发展的领域将受益于这种影响深远的量子检测技术。
更新日期:2021-04-01
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