The discoveries made in the twentieth-century include attempts to understand the origin of the universe, constituents of matter, enigmas of biological reactions, etc. could be possible mainly due to the extensive development in the field of particle accelerators. All the particle accelerators, irrespective of their scientific application, need precise alignment of various components for proper functioning. Survey and alignment activities in particle accelerators comprise precise positioning of various components, mainly magnets within micrometric tolerances over a length of hundreds of meters relative to the reference position as defined by the beam physicists in an arbitrary plane. The practice of specialized techniques and instruments are compulsory to meet these requirements. Due to the advancement in optical technology, low-cost computation, and fast data acquisition, laser trackers are commonly used in the field of large-scale dimensional metrology (LSDM). The area of LSDM also includes survey and alignment of the components at their nominal value with a precision of better than ±100 μm over a distance ranging from hundreds of meters to a few kilometres in particle accelerators. In the present study, the use and applicability of laser trackers in various precision positioning activities applicable to particle accelerators are presented in detail.

二十世纪的发现包括试图了解宇宙起源，物质成分，生物反应之谜等的尝试，这主要是由于粒子加速器领域的广泛发展。所有粒子加速器，无论其科学用途如何，都需要对各种组件进行精确对齐以使其正常运行。粒子加速器中的测量和对准活动包括各种组件的精确定位，这些组件主要是在相对于光束物理学家在任意平面中定义的参考位置的数百米长度范围内的微米公差范围内的磁体。必须满足这些要求的专业技术和仪器的实践。由于光学技术的进步，低成本的计算，为了实现快速数据采集和激光跟踪，在大型尺寸计量（LSDM）领域中通常使用激光跟踪器。LSDM的领域还包括以百分数范围内的粒子加速器在数百米至几千米的范围内以标称值对组件进行测量和对齐，其精度优于±100μm。在本研究中，详细介绍了激光跟踪器在各种适用于粒子加速器的精确定位活动中的使用和适用性。