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Modulation of the innate immune response, antioxidant system and oxidative stress during acute and chronic stress in pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 , DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00940-x
Camila de Fátima Pereira de Faria 1 , Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez 2 , Leonardo Susumu Takahashi 1, 3 , Mariana Maluli Marinho de Mello 1 , Talísia Pereira Martins 1 , Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati 1, 4
Affiliation  

Stress is an energy-demanding process, as well as the responses of the innate immune system, that impose a metabolic overload on cellular energy production, which can affect the cellular redox balance, causing oxidative damage. We evaluated the role of stress in the modulation of innate immune and oxidative/antioxidant mechanisms in juvenile pacu exposed to acute and chronic stressors. The experimental period lasted 30 days, and fish (113.7 ± 35.1 g) were fed commercial feed. During this period, half of the fish were not manipulated (Condition A), and the other half were chased with a dip net for 5 min twice a day (Condition C). After the 30-day period, fish from both groups were sampled (baseline sampling), and the remainders (not sampled) were air exposed for 3 min (acute stressor), returned to the tanks, and were sampled again 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h after air exposure. We evaluated biomarkers of stress (circulating cortisol and glucose), the innate immune system (respiratory burst activity/RBA, hemolytic activity of the complement system (HA-AP) and serum concentration of lysozyme), oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation/LPO), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px). Our results showed that stress, acutely or chronically, caused a transient reduction of RAL and activated the HA-AP. Acutely, stress increased the lysozyme concentration. Furthermore, both conditions caused oxidative stress in the liver, and differently they modulated the antioxidant system, enhancing SOD activity and impairing CAT and GSH-Px activity.



中文翻译:

在 pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus ) 急性和慢性应激期间调节先天免疫反应、抗氧化系统和氧化应激

压力是一个能量需求过程,以及先天免疫系统的反应,它对细胞能量产生施加代谢超载,这会影响细胞氧化还原平衡,导致氧化损伤。我们评估了压力在调节暴露于急性和慢性压力源的幼年 pacu 的先天免疫和氧化/抗氧化机制中的作用。实验期持续 30 天,鱼(113.7 ± 35.1 g)被喂食商业饲料。在此期间,一半的鱼没有被操纵(条件 A),另一半每天两次用浸网追捕 5 分钟(条件 C)。30天后,对两组鱼进行采样(基线采样),其余(未采样)在空气中暴露3分钟(急性应激源),返回鱼缸,30分钟、3小时再次采样, 6 小时, 和空气暴露后 24 小时。我们评估了压力(循环皮质醇和葡萄糖)、先天免疫系统(呼吸爆发活动/RBA、补体系统的溶血活性(HA-AP)和溶菌酶的血清浓度)、氧化损伤(脂质过氧化/LPO)、和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化氢酶,CAT;和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GSH-Px)。我们的结果表明,急性或长期的压力会导致 RAL 的短暂减少并激活 HA-AP。急剧地,压力增加了溶菌酶浓度。此外,这两种情况都会在肝脏中引起氧化应激,并以不同的方式调节抗氧化系统,增强 SOD 活性并削弱 CAT 和 GSH-Px 活性。先天免疫系统(呼吸爆发活性/RBA、补体系统的溶血活性(HA-AP)和溶菌酶的血清浓度)、氧化损伤(脂质过氧化/LPO)和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化氢酶,CAT ;和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GSH-Px)。我们的结果表明,急性或长期的压力会导致 RAL 的短暂减少并激活 HA-AP。急剧地,压力增加了溶菌酶浓度。此外,这两种情况都会在肝脏中引起氧化应激,并以不同的方式调节抗氧化系统,增强 SOD 活性并削弱 CAT 和 GSH-Px 活性。先天免疫系统(呼吸爆发活性/RBA、补体系统的溶血活性(HA-AP)和溶菌酶的血清浓度)、氧化损伤(脂质过氧化/LPO)和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化氢酶,CAT ;和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GSH-Px)。我们的结果表明,急性或长期的压力会导致 RAL 的短暂减少并激活 HA-AP。急剧地,压力增加了溶菌酶浓度。此外,这两种情况都会在肝脏中引起氧化应激,并以不同的方式调节抗氧化系统,增强 SOD 活性并削弱 CAT 和 GSH-Px 活性。和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化氢酶,CAT;和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GSH-Px)。我们的结果表明,急性或长期的压力会导致 RAL 的短暂减少并激活 HA-AP。急剧地,压力增加了溶菌酶浓度。此外,这两种情况都会在肝脏中引起氧化应激,并以不同的方式调节抗氧化系统,增强 SOD 活性并削弱 CAT 和 GSH-Px 活性。和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化氢酶,CAT;和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,GSH-Px)。我们的结果表明,急性或长期的压力会导致 RAL 的短暂减少并激活 HA-AP。急剧地,压力增加了溶菌酶浓度。此外,这两种情况都会在肝脏中引起氧化应激,并以不同的方式调节抗氧化系统,增强 SOD 活性并削弱 CAT 和 GSH-Px 活性。

更新日期:2021-03-31
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