Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare subtype of melanoma that generally has a poor prognosis once it has metastasized. Clinical trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in UM have demonstrated response rates lower than those seen in cutaneous melanoma. Despite lower efficacy demonstrated in initial ICI studies, there are a number of ongoing clinical trials investigating novel immunotherapy approaches in UM. Summary: This review aims to summarize important ongoing clinical trials investigating immunotherapeutic approaches in UM and previous trials that have evaluated a number of immunologic interventions. A thorough clinical trial investigation was conducted through clinicaltrials.gov using the disease search terms “uveal melanoma” and “ocular melanoma,” excluding non-immunotherapy-related trials. Here, we report on ICI, vaccine, adoptive T cells, and combination immunotherapy trials in UM. Key Messages: There is an increasing effort in the search for new, effective therapies for this difficult-to-treat disease, with immunotherapeutic approaches being of particular interest. Increasing knowledge of UM biology and development of new biomarkers will direct future drug development and trial design.
Ocul Oncol Pathol

中文翻译：

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转移性葡萄膜黑色素瘤的临床试验：免疫疗法

背景：葡萄膜黑色素瘤 (UM) 是一种罕见的黑色素瘤亚型，一旦转移，通常预后较差。评估 UM 中免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的临床试验表明，反应率低于皮肤黑色素瘤中的反应率。尽管在最初的 ICI 研究中显示出较低的疗效，但仍有许多正在进行的临床试验正在研究 UM 中的新型免疫治疗方法。概括：这篇综述旨在总结正在开展的重要临床试验，研究调查 UM 中的免疫治疗方法以及之前评估了许多免疫干预措施的试验。通过使用疾病搜索术语“葡萄膜黑色素瘤”和“眼部黑色素瘤”，通过clinicaltrials.gov 进行了彻底的临床试验调查，不包括非免疫疗法相关试验。在这里，我们报告了 UM 中的 ICI、疫苗、过继性 T 细胞和联合免疫治疗试验。关键信息：在为这种难以治疗的疾病寻找新的、有效的疗法方面，人们越来越努力，其中免疫治疗方法尤其令人感兴趣。增加对 UM 生物学的了解和开发新的生物标志物将指导未来的药物开发和试验设计。
眼肿瘤病理