This study investigates the factors that predict students' performance after transitioning from face-to-face to online learning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. It uses students' responses from survey questions and the difference in the average assessment grades between pre-lockdown and post-lockdown at a South African university. We find that students' performance was positively associated with good wifi access, relative to using mobile internet data. We also observe lower academic performance for students who found transitioning to online difficult and who expressed a preference for self-study (i.e. reading through class slides and notes) over assisted study (i.e. joining live lectures or watching recorded lectures). The findings suggest that improving digital infrastructure and reducing the cost of internet access may be necessary for mitigating the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on education outcomes.

中文翻译：

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在线和面对面学习：来自 Covid-19 大流行期间学生表现的证据

本研究调查了因 Covid-19 大流行而从面对面学习过渡到在线学习后预测学生表现的因素。它使用学生对调查问题的回答以及南非大学封锁前和封锁后平均评估成绩的差异。我们发现，相对于使用移动互联网数据，学生的表现与良好的 wifi 访问呈正相关。我们还观察到，那些发现过渡到在线学习有困难并且更喜欢自学（即通过课堂幻灯片和笔记阅读）而不是辅助学习（即参加现场讲座或观看录制的讲座）的学生的学业成绩较低。