This article presents experimental studies for the determination of heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and friction factor for the flow of a fly ash nanofluid in a copper tube under constant heat flux boundary condition. Fly ash/water nanofluid in the concentration range of 0.5–2.0 vol % is used. Stability, viscosity, and thermal conductivity have been found experimentally and validated with previously reported literature. Experimentation was performed at various flow rates and bulk fluid temperature of 30$°C$. The highest thermal conductivity ratio and viscosity ratio of 1.21 and 1.18 were observed for a concentration of 2 vol% at 30 °C. The augmentation in Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor was 46.9% and 9.89%, respectively at 2.0 vol%, when compared to the base fluid. With an increase in Reynolds number, the total entropy generation reduces, whereas the friction entropy generation increased. The maximum PEC value of 1.42 was observed at 2 vol% for fly ash nanofluid. The experimental findings are compared with CFD results, with good agreement between them. ANSYS Fluent software is used for computational validation.

本文提出了在恒定热通量边界条件下测定粉煤灰纳米流体在铜管中流动的传热系数（HTC）和摩擦系数的实验研究。粉煤灰/水纳米流体的浓度范围为0.5–2.0 vol％。已经通过实验发现了稳定性，粘度和热导率，并通过先前报道的文献进行了验证。实验是在各种流速和30的散装流体温度下进行的$摄氏$。在30°C下，浓度为2 vol％时，最高导热率比和粘度比分别为1.21和1.18。与基础流体相比，努塞尔特数（Nu）和摩擦系数的增加分别为2.0％（体积）和46.9％和9.89％。随着雷诺数的增加，总熵产生减少，而摩擦熵产生增加。对于粉煤灰纳米流体，在2％（体积）下观察到最大PEC值为1.42。将实验结果与CFD结果进行比较，两者之间具有很好的一致性。ANSYS Fluent软件用于计算验证。