The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and tackle climate change has mobilized the whole world towards finding technologies and creating public policies aimed at a decarbonization of different sectors of the economy. Carbon capture and storage/utilization (CCS/CCU) technologies can ease the transition to renewable energy so as to meet the growing energy consumption demand estimated for the next 30 years. However, the environmental benefits gained by these emerging technologies must be critically evaluated, and the life cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely and successfully applied for such a purpose. Thereby, this paper provides an overview of the LCA of CCS/CCU technologies found in literature through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications from 1995 through 2018 in order to highlight the current state and future challenges. The main authors, countries, institutions and research areas that apply LCA of CCS/CCU technologies have been identified through analyzing performance indicators using science mapping software tools. Analyzes have revealed that, driven by climate change mitigation targets, a widespread application of the LCA has addressed different CCS/CCU technologies focused not only on fossil energy generation (electricity and fuels), but also upon renewable energy and industrial processes (mainly in the production of cement and chemicals such as methanol). Scientific gaps have also been identified with the aim of promoting and guiding new studies on the matter at hand. These gaps demonstrate the need to collect primary data for different processes and technologies associated with CCS/CCU and conduct more thorough LCA studies and integrated assessments applied to CCS/CCU technologies. Therefore, the main contribution of this paper is to highlight their evolution and assist new studies on the LCA of CCU/CCS technologies by seeking improvement in this field of research.

减少温室气体排放和应对气候变化的需要动员了全世界，以寻求技术和制定旨在使不同经济部门脱碳的公共政策。碳捕集与封存/利用（CCS / CCU）技术可以简化向可再生能源的过渡，从而满足估计未来30年不断增长的能源消耗需求。但是，必须严格评估这些新兴技术所带来的环境效益，并且生命周期评估（LCA）已广泛且成功地用于此目的。因此，本文通过对1995年至2018年间出版物的全面文献计量分析，概述了文献中发现的CCS / CCU技术的LCA，以强调当前的状态和未来的挑战。通过使用科学制图软件工具分析性能指标，已经确定了应用CCS / CCU技术的LCA的主要作者，国家，机构和研究领域。分析表明，在减缓气候变化目标的推动下，LCA的广泛应用解决了CCS / CCU的各种技术，不仅侧重于化石能源的生产（电力和燃料），而且还侧重于可再生能源和工业流程（主要集中在可再生能源和工业过程中）。水泥和化学药品（例如甲醇）的生产）。还发现了科学空白，目的是促进和指导有关当前问题的新研究。这些差距表明有必要收集与CCS / CCU相关的不同过程和技术的原始数据，并进行更彻底的LCA研究和应用于CCS / CCU技术的综合评估。因此，本文的主要贡献是通过寻求该研究领域的改进来突出它们的发展，并协助对CCU / CCS技术的LCA进行新的研究。