With the progressive development of satellite image data products, their pricing strategies become more and more important for enterprises to earn profits. The objective of this study is to explore several game pricing methods with risk aversion for pricing of data products in neutrosophic environments. First, to reflect the uncertainty of problem parameters, the idea of neutrosophic variables is adopted. With the aid of neutrosophic variables, the truth, indeterminacy and falsity degrees of players can be intuitively and conveniently obtained. Subsequently, considering the risk aversion of decision makers, the optimistic value theory is introduced into neutrosophic variables for calculating the optimistic value of player's profits. Then, different pricing models are constructed under the Bertrand and Stackelberg game scenarios, respectively. After deriving the corresponding equilibrium equations, some numerical instances are provided to testify the feasibility of our methods. Furthermore, the influences of dissimilar market power structures are examined. Finally, the effects of seven problem parameters and players' confidence levels on pricing results are investigated through sensitivity analyses. The results show that the proposed methods are practicable and can offer guidance for the pricing decision of data products.

中文翻译：

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具有风险规避的数据产品定价中智博弈定价方法

随着卫星影像数据产品的逐步发展，其定价策略对于企业赚取利润变得越来越重要。本研究的目的是探索几种具有风险规避的游戏定价方法，用于中智环境中数据产品的定价。首先，为了反映问题参数的不确定性，采用了中智变量的思想。借助中智变量，可以直观方便地获取玩家的真实度、不确定度和虚假度。随后，考虑决策者的风险规避，将乐观价值理论引入中智变量计算玩家利润的乐观价值。然后，分别在 Bertrand 和 Stackelberg 博弈场景下构建不同的定价模型。在推导出相应的平衡方程后，提供了一些数值实例来证明我们方法的可行性。此外，还考察了不同市场权力结构的影响。最后，通过敏感性分析研究了七个问题参数和参与者的信心水平对定价结果的影响。结果表明，所提出的方法是可行的，可以为数据产品的定价决策提供指导。