In fifth generation (5G) systems, green heterogeneous network (HetNet) is capable of achieving energy efficiency by densely deploying renewable-powered small cells. However, the small cells may suffer performance degradation due to the limited backhaul from macro base station (BS) and renewable intermittency. In this paper, we introduce a distributed HetNet architecture in which the renewable-powered small cell BSs collaboratively exchange information and allocate the spectrum and power resources by themselves. Considering the uncertainty of the available spectrum, renewable energy supply and traffic loads, a stochastic optimization problem is formulated to maximize the energy efficiency for distributed small cell BSs. A distributed resource allocation algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal spectrum and power allocating strategies for each small cell. Finally, the numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

中文翻译：

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具有可再生能源资源的绿色 HetNets 的分布式资源分配

在第五代 (5G) 系统中，绿色异构网络 (HetNet) 能够通过密集部署可再生能源小基站来实现能源效率。然而，由于来自宏基站 (BS) 的有限回程和可再生间歇性，小型蜂窝可能会遭受性能下降。在本文中，我们介绍了一种分布式 HetNet 架构，在该架构中，可再生能源小蜂窝基站协同交换信息并自行分配频谱和功率资源。考虑到可用频谱、可再生能源供应和流量负载的不确定性，提出了一个随机优化问题，以最大限度地提高分布式小蜂窝基站的能源效率。提出了一种分布式资源分配算法，以获得每个小小区的最优频谱和功率分配策略。最后，数值结果证明了所提算法的有效性。