While managers generally seem to enjoy better mental health than regular employees, there are also plenty of reports about them suffering from burnout. The present study explores this relationship between hierarchy level and burnout in more detail. In doing so, we not only investigate what impact managerial rank may have on burnout, but we also contrast two different theoretically meaningful mediators for the relationship: sense of power (feeling in control over people) and work-related self-efficacy (feeling in control over tasks). The results of two surveys—the first with 580 managers (single-source) and the second with 154 managers matched with ratings from close others (multi-source)—show a negative relationship between managers’ hierarchy level and burnout that is explained by both mediators independently. Additional analyses reveal that high sense of power and high self-efficacy are both necessary conditions for low levels of burnout. Such fine-grained analyses allow us to understand why managers at the top are less threatened by burnout, in contrast to what some media reports suggest.

虽然经理们似乎比普通员工享有更好的心理健康，但也有很多关于他们遭受精疲力尽的报道。本研究更详细地探讨了层次结构级别与倦怠之间的这种关系。在这样做的过程中，我们不仅研究了管理职级可能对职业倦怠的影响，而且还对比了两种不同的理论上有意义的调解人之间的关系：权力感（对人的控制感）和与工作相关的自我效能感（对工作的感觉）。控制任务）。两项调查的结果-第一项调查有580名经理（单源），第二项调查有154名经理与其他近亲的评级（多源）相匹配-显示了经理的等级与倦怠之间的负相关关系，这两个原因都可以解释调解员独立。进一步的分析表明，高能力意识和高自我效能感都是低倦怠程度的必要条件。通过这种细粒度的分析，我们可以理解为什么与某些媒体报道所暗示的相比，高层管理者受到职业倦怠的威胁较小。