The loss and transformation of habitats due to human impact are commonly regarded as major factors decreasing the diversity of pollinators. However, there is also some evidence that industrial infrastructure can play a positive role in shaping the composition of many animal communities. Still, little is known about how artificial linear structures, such as roads, railways, and electric power lines, affect the abundance and diversity of wild bees in urban ecosystems. Thus, we attempted to verify which of the habitats mentioned above is crucial for the occurrence of bee species of various functional groups. We conducted field research in woodlands of the city of Bydgoszcz (northern Poland). Site conditions were evaluated on the basis of phytoindicators (plant indicator species). In the study area, we recorded 32 % of all bee species reported from Poland. In respect of species richness and abundance, the habitats along railway lines were the most attractive to bees. Besides, in respect to bee species richness, these sites were the most similar to roadsides. The habitats located under power lines were the poorest in species. About 20 % of bee species were recorded only along railways and 3 % only along roads, while no bee species was recorded exclusively under power lines. Bee species richness and abundance increased with growing cover of the sites by bee food plants and an increasing proportion of bare soil. Moreover, bee abundance increased with an increasing share of plant indicator species of very dry or dry soils and of alkaline soils. Bee abundance declined with an increasing share of plant indicator species of sandy soils. The presented results indicate that roads, railway lines, and power lines, in structurally simplified and floristically poor pine forests, are important for wild bees in urban ecosystems.

由于人类影响而造成的栖息地丧失和转变通常被认为是减少授粉媒介多样性的主要因素。但是，也有一些证据表明，工业基础设施可以在塑造许多动物群落的组成方面发挥积极作用。但是，关于人造线性结构（如道路，铁路和电力线）如何影响城市生态系统中野生蜂的数量和多样性，人们所知甚少。因此，我们试图验证上述哪个栖息地对于各种功能群的蜜蜂物种的发生至关重要。我们在比得哥什市（波兰北部）的林地中进行了实地研究。根据植物指示剂（植物指示剂种类）评估场地条件。在学习区 我们记录了波兰报告的所有蜜蜂物种的32％。在物种丰富度和丰富度方面，铁路沿线的栖息地对蜜蜂最有吸引力。此外，就蜜蜂种类的丰富性而言，这些地点与路边最相似。电力线下的生境是物种最贫乏的地区。仅沿铁路记录了大约20％的蜜蜂物种，仅沿道路记录了3％的蜜蜂物种，而仅在电力线下没有记录到蜜蜂物种。蜜蜂的丰富度和丰度随着蜂食植物对这些地点的覆盖率的增加以及裸露土壤比例的增加而增加。此外，蜂的丰度随着非常干燥或干燥土壤和碱性土壤中植物指示剂种类的份额增加而增加。蜜蜂丰度随着沙质土壤中植物指示物种类的份额增加而下降。