This study presents the first centennial-scale multi-proxy record from the East Sayan Mountains, which are part of the central Asian ‘water tower’ massif. The record from Lake Kaskadnoe in the Jom-Bolok area shows changes in vegetation and climate since c. 14.2 cal. ka BP. Although the study site is in an area with active volcanism, there is no clear evidence that volcanic eruptions influenced the local vegetation. At c. 14.2–12.9 cal. ka BP, regional climate was sufficiently warm and moist to allow scattered growth of Picea, Larix and Betula nana around the lake. A cooling episode at c. 12.9–11.5 cal. ka BP is coincident with the Younger Dryas and led to the predominance of shrub tundra in the basin. Cool and moist conditions c. 11.5–9.0 cal. ka BP resulted in the spread of Pinus sibirica in the catchment of Lake Kaskadnoe. The Middle Holocene, c. 9.0–4.5 cal. ka BP, featured a warmer and drier regional climate, which led to a decrease in high-elevation dark conifer forest. Subsequently, the onset of the Neoglacial and a cooler climate is indicated by the spread of Larix sibirica and Pinus sibirica in the study area. Lateglacial and Holocene moisture conditions in the East Sayan Mountains have primarily been controlled by the interaction of the westerlies and the East Asian Summer Monsoon and show a drying trend through time; long-term insolation changes affected both the Monsoon and regional temperatures. The pattern of moisture decrease in the latter part of the Holocene is seen at sites in adjacent regions of the central Asian mountains.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯南西伯利亚东萨彦岭 Jom-Bolok 火山区晚冰期和全新世植被与环境变化

这项研究展示了东萨彦岭的第一个百年尺度多代理记录，该山脉是中亚“水塔”地块的一部分。Jom-Bolok 地区 Kaskadnoe 湖的记录显示了自c以来植被和气候的变化。14.2 卡路里 卡 BP。虽然研究地点位于火山活动活跃的地区，但没有明确的证据表明火山喷发影响了当地的植被。在c。14.2–12.9 卡路里 ka BP，区域气候足够温暖和潮湿，允许云杉、落叶松和桦树在湖周围分散生长。在c的冷却事件. 12.9–11.5 卡路里 ka BP 与新仙女木重合，导致盆地中灌木苔原占优势。冷却和潮湿的条件Ç。11.5–9.0 卡路里 ka BP 导致西伯利亚松在 Kaskadnoe 湖集水区蔓延。中全新世，c。9.0–4.5 卡路里 ka BP 区域气候偏暖干燥，导致高海拔暗针叶林减少。随后，西伯利亚落叶松和西伯利亚松的蔓延表明新冰期的开始和凉爽的气候在研究区。东萨彦岭晚冰期和全新世水分条件主要受西风带和东亚夏季风的相互作用控制，随时间呈干燥趋势；长期日照变化影响季风和区域温度。在中亚山脉邻近地区的地点可以看到全新世后期的水分减少模式。