The accelerated digitalisation of society along with technological evolution have extended the geographical span of cyber-physical systems. Two main threats have made the reliable and real-time control of these systems challenging: (i) uncertainty in the communication infrastructure induced by scale, and heterogeneity of the environment and devices; and (ii) targeted attacks maliciously worsening the impact of the above-mentioned communication uncertainties, disrupting the correctness of real-time applications. This article addresses those challenges by showing how to build distributed protocols that provide both real-time with practical performance, and scalability in the presence of network faults and attacks, in probabilistic synchronous environments. We provide a suite of real-time Byzantine protocols, which we prove correct, starting from a reliable broadcast protocol, called PISTIS , up to atomic broadcast and consensus. This suite simplifies the construction of powerful distributed and decentralized monitoring and control applications, including state-machine replication. Extensive empirical simulations showcase PISTIS’s robustness, latency, and scalability. For example, PISTIS can withstand message loss (and delay) rates up to 50 percent in systems with 49 nodes and provides bounded delivery latencies in the order of a few milliseconds.

中文翻译：

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PISTIS：事件触发的实时拜占庭弹性协议套件

随着技术的发展，社会加速数字化扩展了网络物理系统的地理范围。两个主要威胁使这些系统的可靠和实时控制面临挑战：（i）规模引起的通信基础架构的不确定性以及环境和设备的异质性；（ii）有针对性的攻击恶意地恶化了上述通信不确定性的影响，破坏了实时应用程序的正确性。本文通过展示如何构建分布式协议来解决这些挑战，这些协议在概率同步环境中既可以提供实时的实用性能，又可以在存在网络故障和攻击的情况下提供可伸缩性。我们提供了一套实时拜占庭协议，经证明是正确的，皮斯蒂斯 ，直至原子广播和共识。该套件简化了功能强大的分布式和分散式监视和控制应用程序的构建，包括状态机复制。广泛的经验模拟展示了PISTIS的鲁棒性，延迟和可扩展性。例如，在具有49个节点的系统中，PISTIS可以承受高达50％的消息丢失（和延迟）率，并提供几毫秒量级的有限传递延迟。