The main purpose of the analysis is to characterize the location of extratropical lows relative to the jet streaks over Europe and the North Atlantic. Algorithms are presented for jet streak detection and cyclone positioning relative to jet streaks. All time steps in the tracked cyclone lifetime together as well as cyclogenesis, maximum deepening and cyclolysis stages separately are examined. The analysis includes strong jet streaks (>50 ms⁻¹) detected in 300 hPa wind fields in the winter period (1958–2002). The location of cyclones in the jet streak-associated coordinate system is determined. The cyclone positions, situated near jet streak (<1,300 km), are depicted in the circular distribution diagrams and counted within 15° intervals and jet streak quadrants. The distribution of low-pressure systems at the cyclogenesis and maximum deepening stages resembles the four-quadrant model of upper-level divergence: modal intervals are situated in the Left Front (LF) (primary mode: 45–60°) and the Right Rear (RR) (secondary mode: 195–210°) quadrants. Significant changes in cyclone counts at the LF-LR and LR-RR boundaries are likely to be a response to the divergence field aloft. Bimodality is distinctly pronounced in the case of cyclogenesis events and maximum deepening phases. The cyclolysis sites are unimodally distributed with maximum frequency in the Left Rear (LR) quadrant. The modal intervals of cyclogenesis and maximum deepening samples deviate towards the LF-LR and RR-LR boundary lines from the bisectors of the LF and RR quadrants, respectively. Such angular displacement is congruent with the shift of divergence-convergence meridional dipoles in the entrance and exit region towards the cyclonic side of the jet stream. The incipient and maximum deepening stages of cyclones are located within the divergent quadrants in almost 80% of cases (of those near jet streaks). Nearly 60% of the cyclolysis events are situated in the convergent quadrants.

中文翻译：

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45 年温带气旋位置相对于由自动程序确定的高空急流条纹的气候学

分析的主要目的是描述温带低气压相对于欧洲和北大西洋急流的位置。提出了用于喷射条纹检测和相对于喷射条纹的旋风分离器定位的算法。跟踪的气旋寿命中的所有时间步长以及气旋发生、最大深化和气旋分解阶段都被分别检查。分析包括强喷射条纹 (>50 ms ^-1) 在冬季 (1958-2002) 的 300 hPa 风场中检测到。确定了与喷射条纹相关的坐标系中气旋的位置。位于喷射条纹附近（<1,300 公里）的气旋位置在圆形分布图中描绘，并在 15° 间隔和喷射条纹象限内计数。气旋形成和最大深化阶段低压系统的分布类似于上层辐散四象限模型：模态区间位于左前（LF）（主模态：45-60°）和右后(RR)（次级模式：195–210°）象限。LF-LR 和 LR-RR 边界处气旋计数的显着变化可能是对高空发散场的响应。在成环事件和最大加深阶段的情况下，双峰性明显明显。循环分解位点在左后方 (LR) 象限中以最大频率呈单峰分布。气旋形成和最大加深样本的模态区间分别从LF和RR象限的平分线向LF-LR和RR-LR边界线偏离。这种角位移与入口和出口区域中的发散-会聚子午偶极子向射流的气旋侧的移动一致。在几乎 80% 的情况下（靠近急流条纹的情况），气旋的初始和最大加深阶段位于发散象限内。近 60% 的循环分解事件位于会聚象限。气旋形成和最大加深样本的模态区间分别从LF和RR象限的平分线向LF-LR和RR-LR边界线偏离。这种角位移与入口和出口区域中的发散-会聚子午偶极子向射流的气旋侧的移动一致。在几乎 80% 的情况下（靠近急流条纹的情况），气旋的初始和最大加深阶段位于发散象限内。近 60% 的循环分解事件位于会聚象限。气旋形成和最大加深样本的模态区间分别从LF和RR象限的平分线向LF-LR和RR-LR边界线偏离。这种角位移与入口和出口区域中的发散-会聚子午偶极子向射流的气旋侧的移动一致。在几乎 80% 的情况下（靠近急流条纹的情况），气旋的初始和最大加深阶段位于发散象限内。近 60% 的循环分解事件位于会聚象限。在几乎 80% 的情况下（靠近急流条纹的情况），气旋的初始和最大加深阶段位于发散象限内。近 60% 的循环分解事件位于会聚象限。在几乎 80% 的情况下（靠近急流条纹的情况），气旋的初始和最大加深阶段位于发散象限内。近 60% 的循环分解事件位于会聚象限。