ABSTRACT

The article presents the results of the identification of 1051 bird remains from the ancient layers of the 12 settlements from the Northern Black Sea coast. Zooarchaeological finds described in the work date to the sixth century BC through the fourth century AD. The data allowed researchers to specify features of bird exploitation by the inhabitants of the region. In particular, we established that, hunted birds dominated over domestic species in the diet of inhabitants of large settlements. However, previous publications on the results of mammalian studies suggested that hunting did not play a significant role, but was rather an entertainment. We also found that the inhabitants of small settlements consumed more poultry than wild species of birds. The earlier reports about the discovery of pheasant's remains in the ancient layers of the Northern Black Sea Coast were refuted. The report presents the bone of the chicken with osteopetrosis, which appears as the most eastern evidence of the disease in the archaeological records in Europe. Some changes were discovered in the avifauna. The primary changes took place during the Hellenistic time (350–200 BC), when the region experienced a reduction in species diversity. We assume that the changes in fauna are a consequence of the climatic shifts which took place in the Roman Warm Period.

摘要

文章介绍了从黑海北部沿岸 12 个定居点的古地层中鉴定出 1051 件鸟类遗骸的结果。作品中描述的动物考古发现可追溯到公元前 6 世纪至公元 4 世纪。这些数据使研究人员能够确定该地区居民利用鸟类的特征。特别是，我们确定，在大型定居点居民的饮食中，被猎杀的鸟类超过了家养物种。然而，先前有关哺乳动物研究结果的出版物表明，狩猎并没有发挥重要作用，而是一种娱乐。我们还发现，小定居点的居民比野生鸟类消耗更多的家禽。早先有关发现雉鸡的报道 北黑海沿岸古地层的遗骸被驳斥。该报告介绍了患有骨硬化症的鸡骨头，这在欧洲的考古记录中似乎是该病的最东方证据。在鸟类中发现了一些变化。主要变化发生在希腊化时期（公元前 350-200 年），当时该地区经历了物种多样性的减少。我们假设动物群的变化是罗马暖期发生的气候变化的结果。当该地区经历物种多样性减少时。我们假设动物群的变化是罗马暖期发生的气候变化的结果。当该地区经历物种多样性减少时。我们假设动物群的变化是罗马暖期发生的气候变化的结果。