Soil salinization has adverse effects on plant growth due to direct ion toxicity or secondary damage, such as mineral nutrition imbalance and the water stress caused by low osmotic potential. The rhizosphere processes of plants are likely to play an important role in the biological improvement of saline soil. However, the understanding of this remains limited. This review summarizes the progress made recently in exploring the effects of root-associated microbes especially from halophytic species on the growth stimulation of plants under salinity. For example, halophytes attract and absorb beneficial rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria by producing rhizosphere exudates such as organic acids and enzymes, which is conducive to plant growth under salt stress. The plant growth-promoting exogenous rhizobacteria (PGPR), attached to the roots of halophytes, can promote the growth of plants mainly through the improved absorption of nutrients by the host plants or through producing plant growth regulators. In addition, the colonization of endophytes can regulate plant ion balance and produce secondary metabolites such as growth-promoting hormone and extracellular enzymes, activating antioxidant systems, and inducing plant system resistance against pathogenic microorganisms, thus promoting the growth of plants under salt stress. The inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under salt stress can facilitate plants to change the ion balance or obtain water from the soil, and that the formation of other hyphae may promote the transfer of water and nutrients to plants. Therefore, understanding the effects of root-associated microbes on the growth stimulation of plants under salinity is of great significance to improving their salt tolerance, so as to improve saline-alkali land for the construction of a more effective biological improvement model.

中文翻译：

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根系微生物在盐分条件下植物生长刺激中的作用

土壤盐渍化由于直接离子毒性或二次损害，如矿物质营养失衡和低渗透势引起的水分胁迫，对植物生长产生不利影响。植物的根际过程可能在盐渍土的生物改良中发挥重要作用。然而，对此的理解仍然有限。这篇综述总结了最近在探索根相关微生物（尤其是盐生植物物种）对盐度下植物生长刺激的影响方面取得的进展。例如，盐生植物通过产生有机酸、酶等根际分泌物来吸引和吸收有益的促进根际生长的细菌，有利于植物在盐胁迫下的生长。植物促生长外源根际细菌（PGPR），附着在盐生植物根部，主要通过提高寄主植物对养分的吸收或产生植物生长调节剂来促进植物生长。此外，内生菌的定植可以调节植物离子平衡，产生促生长激素和胞外酶等次生代谢产物，激活抗氧化系统，诱导植物系统对病原微生物的抗性，从而促进植物在盐胁迫下的生长。在盐胁迫下接种丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）可以促进植物改变离子平衡或从土壤中获取水分，其他菌丝的形成可以促进水分和养分向植物的转移。所以，