ABSTRACT

To explore how renewable energy reduces carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, this study decomposes the impacts of renewable energy on CO₂ emissions by employing the Generalized Divisia Index Method (GDIM), based on panel data of 25 countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for the period 2005–2019. Also, we explore their decoupling relationships. The results indicate that: (1) The numbers of countries with an ideal strong decoupling state reach the highest point during 2010 and 2015. (2) The growth in renewable energy scale is the key driving force responsible for promoting CO₂ emissions in most countries along the BRI, while the main factor inhibiting CO₂ emissions is the carbon intensity of renewable energy. (3) The carbon mitigation effect of the increase in the proportion of renewable energy is considerably higher than that of technological improvements from renewables, and it will promote the transformation of the relationship between renewable energy and carbon emissions into a more ideal strong decoupling relationship. (4) The effect of carbon efficiency on emission is not significant at this stage, but it will be much more important in the future.

摘要

为探讨可再生能源如何减少二氧化碳（CO ₂）排放，本研究基于“一带一路”沿线25个国家的面板数据，采用广义Divisia指数法（GDIM）分解可再生能源对CO ₂排放的影响。(BRI) 2005-2019 年期间。此外，我们探索了它们的解耦关系。结果表明：（1）理想强脱钩国家的数量在2010年和2015年达到最高点。（2）可再生能源规模的增长是推动大多数国家CO ₂排放的关键驱动力沿 BRI，而抑制 CO ₂的主要因素排放量是可再生能源的碳强度。(3)可再生能源占比提高的碳减排效果明显高于可再生能源技术进步，将推动可再生能源与碳排放的关系转变为更加理想的强脱钩关系。(4)碳效率对排放的影响在现阶段并不显着，但在未来会更加重要。