In an attempt to reduce environmental impact, paper sludge ash (PS ash) has recently been studied for its complementary reuse with cement for soil stabilization. In order to establish the optimal mixture design for combining PS ash and cement in soils, a detailed investigation into the stabilizing mechanism is required. To assess the combined effects of PS ash and cement on the strength development of stabilized clay soil, referred to as PS ash–cement-treated clay, a new critical parameter, the unabsorbed and unretained clay-water/cement ratio W*/C, was proposed. To determine W*/C, a new testing method for evaluating the water absorption and retention performance of PS ash was developed. It was revealed that the water absorption and retention rate W_ab of PS ash increased with curing time. Unconfined compression tests conducted on the PS ash–cement-treated clay with various water-cement–PS ash mixture proportions and different curing times affirmed that the strength development was fundamentally governed by the parameter W*/C. This suggests that the water absorption and retention rate W_ab obtained by the developed method is an essential material parameter in the mixture design for the PS ash–cement-treated clay. It was also found that the effect of the hybrid treatment method, which uses both cement and PS ash, was better than that of the method which uses cement alone, particularly under high W*/C conditions. This indicates that the water absorption and retention performance of PS ash can be fully utilized when the mixture has sufficient unabsorbed and unretained water for cement hydration.

为了减少对环境的影响，最近研究了造纸污泥灰分 (PS 灰分) 与水泥的互补再利用以稳定土壤。为了建立在土壤中结合 PS 灰分和水泥的最佳混合物设计，需要对稳定机制进行详细研究。为了评估 PS 灰和水泥对稳定粘土强度发展的综合影响，称为 PS 灰水泥处理粘土，一个新的关键参数，未吸收和未保留的粘土 - 水/水泥比W* / C，被提议。确定W* / C, 开发了一种评价 PS 灰分吸水保水性能的新测试方法。据透露，在吸水性和保水性率w ^ _AB PS灰与固化时间增加。对具有不同水-水泥-PS 灰混合比例和不同养护时间的 PS 灰-水泥处理粘土进行的无侧限压缩试验证实，强度发展从根本上受参数W* / C 控制。这表明吸水率和保水率W _ab通过开发的方法获得的材料参数是 PS 灰水泥处理粘土混合物设计中的重要材料参数。还发现，同时使用水泥和 PS 灰分的混合处理方法的效果优于单独使用水泥的方法，尤其是在高W* / C条件下。这表明当混合料中有足够的未吸水和未吸水进行水泥水化时，可以充分利用PS灰的吸水和保水性能。