Multimessenger astronomy aims to utilize all accessible information from the universe: electromagnetic waves, particles (e.g., neutrinos), and gravitational waves. The discovery of GW170817/GRB170817A and the international follow-up observations showed the power of multimessenger astronomy in understanding cosmic phenomena. The best candidates for multimessenger astronomy are compact binary coalescences, gamma-ray bursts, or supernovae. In particular, binaries consisting of neutron stars or black holes are the most attractive candidates for standard sirens in the context of gravitational-wave astrophysics. The possibility of measuring a Hubble constant with compact binaries has drawn strong attention as an independent method from electromagnetic-wave observations. In addition to the 20–2000 Hz band available on Earth, multimessenger astronomy with gravitational-wave observations in lower frequencies below ~10 mHz would be fruitful for understanding the underlying properties and cosmological implications for Galactic binaries and massive black holes. The lowest gravitational-wave frequencies (µHz–nHz) would allow us to explore supermassive black hole mergers and the stochastic GW background from the early universe. In this review paper, we summarize recent progress of and prospects for multimessenger astronomy, focusing on compact binaries.

多信使天文学旨在利用来自宇宙的所有可访问信息：电磁波，粒子（例如中微子）和引力波。GW170817 / GRB170817A的发现和国际后续观察表明，多信使天文学在理解宇宙现象方面具有强大的威力。多信使天文学的最佳候选者是紧凑的二元合并，伽马射线爆发或超新星。特别是，在引力波天体物理学的背景下，由中子星或黑洞组成的双星是标准警报器的最有吸引力的候选者。作为紧凑的二进制文件来测量哈勃常数的可能性，作为一种独立于电磁波观测的方法，引起了广泛的关注。除了地球上可用的20–2000 Hz频段外，多信使天文学在低于约10 mHz的较低频率下具有引力波观测，对于理解银河双星和巨大黑洞的基本性质和宇宙学意义将是富有成果的。最低的引力波频率（µHz–nHz）将使我们能够探索超大质量黑洞合并和来自早期宇宙的随机GW背景。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了多信使天文学的最新进展和前景，重点是紧凑型二进制文件。最低的引力波频率（µHz–nHz）将使我们能够探索超大质量黑洞合并和来自早期宇宙的随机GW背景。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了多信使天文学的最新进展和前景，重点是紧凑型二进制文件。最低的引力波频率（µHz–nHz）将使我们能够探索超大质量黑洞合并和来自早期宇宙的随机GW背景。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了多信使天文学的最新进展和前景，重点是紧凑型二进制文件。