Reusing materials is an attractive option for circular economy and can also reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants. However, recycling raises questions regarding the potential risks to human health or the environment when hazardous legacy chemical additives of materials are also recycled, instead of the recent and less hazardous additives of virgin materials. To address this trade-off, this study developed a model to calculate the total external cost of material supply, considering the health and environmental impacts of all industrial steps (e.g. virgin material production, incineration, and recycling), and the health effects of recycling chemicals present in the material. The model is coupling material flow analysis, life-cycle analysis, and environmental economics to compare different recycling policies. It is applied for all illustrative purposes to soft PVC and DEHP in France. Results show that recycling of materials is in the long-term positive despite the prolongation of the presence of hazardous additives in materials. The time when the recurring environmental benefits of recycling offset the negative impacts on human health of recycling the additives is very sensitive to the health impact of additives. This approach can improve the harmonization between recycling and circular economy policies, and as a framework to confirm the relevance and size treatments to remove additives from materials during recycling.

再利用材料是循环经济的一个有吸引力的选择，还可以减少温室气体和污染物的排放。然而，当材料的危险遗留化学添加剂也被回收，而不是最近的、危险性较低的原始材料添加剂时，回收会引发关于人类健康或环境的潜在风险的问题。为了解决这种权衡问题，本研究开发了一个模型来计算材料供应的总外部成本，同时考虑到所有工业步骤（例如原始材料生产、焚烧和回收）的健康和环境影响，以及回收对健康的影响材料中存在的化学物质。该模型将材料流分析、生命周期分析和环境经济学耦合起来，以比较不同的回收政策。它适用于法国软 PVC 和 DEHP 的所有说明目的。结果表明，尽管材料中有害添加剂的存在时间延长，但从长远来看，材料回收是积极的。当回收循环的环境效益抵消回收添加剂对人类健康的负面影响时，对添加剂的健康影响非常敏感。这种方法可以改善回收和循环经济政策之间的协调，并作为一个框架来确认在回收过程中从材料中去除添加剂的相关性和尺寸处理。当回收循环的环境效益抵消回收添加剂对人类健康的负面影响时，对添加剂的健康影响非常敏感。这种方法可以改善回收和循环经济政策之间的协调，并作为一个框架来确认在回收过程中从材料中去除添加剂的相关性和尺寸处理。当回收循环的环境效益抵消回收添加剂对人类健康的负面影响时，对添加剂的健康影响非常敏感。这种方法可以改善回收和循环经济政策之间的协调，并作为一个框架来确认在回收过程中从材料中去除添加剂的相关性和尺寸处理。