This study presents a new stacked design of reduced size broadband microstrip patch antenna for ultra‐wideband (UWB) operation. A folded triangular patch's feeding technique, half V‐shaped slot and shorting pins are employed to design the proposed stacked antenna. Shorting pins are applied at the edge of structure to miniaturize the size of the patch. The proposed design with the half V‐shaped slot and without stacked patch provides the measured impedance bandwidth (S₁₁˂−10 dB) of 115.7% (4.35‐16.3 GHz) for broadband application. In the proposed design with the half V‐shaped slot, the wide bandwidth with an acceptable size reduction is achieved. By adding a stacked element on the upper patch, the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is improved from 3.47 to 17.35 GHz. The stacked design includes a measured impedance bandwidth of 133.3% with reduced sizes of more than 78% compared to the corresponding full design and an enhanced maximum gain of 6.2 dBi. The obtained radiation and impedance results show that the proposed design is applicable for wideband operation. Besides, the effects of some basic concepts and surface currents on the suggested structure are investigated to explain their broadband performance.

中文翻译：

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带宽和增益提高，以减小由带半V形槽的折叠式三角形贴片供电的堆叠式微带天线的尺寸

这项研究提出了一种用于超宽带（UWB）操作的减小尺寸的宽带微带贴片天线的新型堆叠设计。折叠式三角形贴片的馈电技术，半V形槽和短路销用于设计所建议的叠层天线。短路针用于结构的边缘，以最小化贴片的尺寸。带有半V形槽且不带叠片的拟议设计可提供测得的阻抗带宽（S ₁₁在宽带应用中为115.7％（4.35-16.3 GHz）的˂−10 dB）。在具有半V形槽的建议设计中，可以实现宽带宽且尺寸减小。通过在上部贴片上增加一个堆叠的元件，所提出的天线的阻抗带宽从3.47 GHz提高到17.35 GHz。堆叠式设计包括133.3％的测量阻抗带宽，与相应的完整设计相比，尺寸减小了78％以上，最大增益提高了6.2 dBi。所获得的辐射和阻抗结果表明，所提出的设计适用于宽带操作。此外，研究了一些基本概念和表面电流对建议结构的影响，以解释其宽带性能。