ABSTRACT

This paper explores reciprocal relationships between landscape, human attention, and time. I present two sacred landscapes: Epidaurus and Nemea, located in Greece's northeastern Peloponnese. In both landscapes, worshipers created sanctuaries on prominent mountains. Eventually, their attention shifted downhill where they built larger, monumental sanctuaries on the flat ground. I trace each mountain’s role as a sacred landmark; I question what other social functions they had – if at all – after the new sanctuaries were built. I consider a wide range of evidence. I begin with a comparative example from Mount Fuji in Japan, and move on to archaeological excavation and survey data, ancient testimonials, and modern tourist reviews about the Greek sanctuaries. I also use Geographic Information Systems to quantify each Greek sanctuary’s visual impact in comparison to the surrounding topography. Woven together, these data reveal generations of sacral continuity. The Sanctuary of Asklepios and the Sanctuary of Zeus encircled new sacred temenoi, but worshipers’ collective memory guided their pathways and vision; through human senses, these mountains retained their role as sacred landmarks.

摘要

本文探讨了景观，人类注意力和时间之间的相互关系。我呈现了两个神圣的景观：埃皮达鲁斯（Epidaurus）和尼米亚（Nemea），它们位于希腊东北伯罗奔尼撒半岛。在这两种景观中，朝拜者都在著名的山脉上建立了圣所。最终，他们的注意力转向了下坡路，在那里他们在平坦的地面上建造了更大的纪念性庇护所。我追溯了每座山作为神圣地标的作用。我质疑在建立新的庇护所后，他们还有什么其他社会职能（如果有的话）。我考虑了各种各样的证据。我从日本富士山的比较示例开始，然后继续进行考古发掘和调查数据，古代鉴定书以及有关希腊圣所的现代游客评论。我还使用地理信息系统来量化每个希腊保护区与周围地形之间的视觉影响。编织在一起，这些数据揭示了s连续性的世代。阿斯克勒皮奥斯庇护所和宙斯庇护所包围了新的神圣的特门诺瓦人，但信徒的集体记忆引导着他们的前进之路和视野。通过人类的感觉，这些山脉保留了它们作为神圣地标的作用。