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Spreading and Vertical Structure of the Persian Gulf and Red Sea Outflows in the Northwestern Indian Ocean
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 , DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015983
Pierre L'Hégaret 1, 2 , Charly de Marez 1 , Mathieu Morvan 1, 3 , Thomas Meunier 4, 5 , Xavier Carton 1
Affiliation  

In the Indian Ocean, salty water masses from the Persian Gulf and Red Sea are important sources of salt, heat, and nutrients. Across the Arabian Sea, these outflows impact human and biological activities, their thermohaline characteristics and shapes exhibiting important spatial and seasonal variability. The knowledge of the water masses properties is important to validate realistic simulations of the Indian Ocean. A classical approach to study these water masses is to track them on specific isopycnal levels. Nevertheless, their peaking thermohaline characteristics are not always found at a specific density but rather spread over a range. Here, we develop a detection algorithm able to capture the full vertical structure of the outflows, that we applied to a data set of about 126,000 vertical profiles. We are thus able to quantify the changes in their thermohaline signatures and in their vertical structures, characterized here by the intensity of the salinity peaks of the water masses and lateral injection of fresh and salty waters, and describe their spatial variability. Across the northwestern Indian Ocean, the salty outflows undergo several changes, diminishing their thermohaline signatures and peaks and layering. In their early stages in the narrow Gulf of Oman and Aden, the outflows present configurations indicative of diapycnal mixing. In the same regions and along the western edge of the Arabian Sea, these water masses are subject to lateral mixing. All over the Arabian Sea, salt fingering conditions are met for lower layers of the outflows.

中文翻译:

波斯湾的分布和垂直结构及印度洋西北部的红海流出

在印度洋,来自波斯湾和红海的咸水块是盐,热和养分的重要来源。在整个阿拉伯海,这些流出物影响人类和生物活动,其热盐特性和形状表现出重要的空间和季节变化性。水质属性的知识对于验证印度洋的真实模拟非常重要。研究这些水团的经典方法是在特定的等渗水平上追踪它们。然而,它们的峰热盐度特性并非总是以特定的密度发现,而是散布在一定范围内。在这里,我们开发了一种能够捕获流出的整个垂直结构的检测算法,并将其应用于大约126,000个垂直剖面的数据集。因此,我们能够量化其热盐特征及其垂直结构的变化(此处以水团的盐度峰值的强度以及淡水和咸水的侧向注入为特征),并描述其空间变异性。在印度洋西北部,咸水流出发生了几处变化,从而减弱了它们的热盐特征,波峰和分层。在狭窄的阿曼湾和亚丁湾的早期阶段,流出物呈现出指示双相混合的形态。在同一地区以及阿拉伯海的西部边缘,这些水团受到横向混合作用。在整个阿拉伯海,较低的出水口都满足盐指条件。这里的特征是水团的盐度峰值的强度以及淡水和咸水的侧向注入,并描述了它们的空间变异性。在印度洋西北部,咸水流出发生了几处变化,从而减弱了它们的热盐特征,波峰和分层。在狭窄的阿曼湾和亚丁湾的早期阶段,流出物呈现出指示双相混合的形态。在同一地区以及阿拉伯海的西部边缘,这些水团受到横向混合作用。在整个阿拉伯海,较低的出水口都满足盐指条件。这里的特征是水团的盐度峰值的强度以及淡水和咸水的侧向注入,并描述了它们的空间变异性。在印度洋西北部,咸水流出发生了几处变化,从而减弱了它们的热盐特征,波峰和分层。在狭窄的阿曼湾和亚丁湾的早期阶段,流出物呈现出指示双相混合的形态。在同一地区以及阿拉伯海的西部边缘,这些水团受到横向混合作用。在整个阿拉伯海,较低的出水口都满足盐指条件。咸味流出物发生了几处变化,从而减少了它们的盐卤特征,波峰和分层。在狭窄的阿曼湾和亚丁湾的早期阶段,流出物呈现出指示双相混合的形态。在同一地区以及阿拉伯海的西部边缘,这些水团受到横向混合作用。在整个阿拉伯海,较低的出水口都满足盐指条件。咸味流出物发生了几处变化,从而减少了它们的盐卤特征,峰和分层。在狭窄的阿曼湾和亚丁湾的早期阶段,流出物呈现出指示双相混合的形态。在同一地区以及阿拉伯海的西部边缘,这些水团受到横向混合作用。在整个阿拉伯海,较低的出水口都满足盐指条件。
更新日期:2021-04-19
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