Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02296-z Thomas D. Ferguson , Daniel N. Bub , Michael E. J. Masson , Olave E. Krigolson
A widely held though debatable claim is that the picture of an object like a frying pan automatically elicits features of a left/right-handed grasp action even in perceptual tasks that make no demands on the observer to consider the graspable properties of the depicted object. Here, we sought to further elucidate this claim by relying on a methodology that allowed us to distinguish between the influence of motor versus spatial codes on the selection of a left/right-handed response while electroencephalographic data were recorded. In our experiment, participants classified images of frying pans as upright or inverted using a left/right key press or by making a left/right-handed reach-and-grasp action towards a centrally located response element while we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) data. In line with previous evidence (Bub, Masson, & van Noordenne, Journal of Experiment Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 47(1), 53–80, 2021), these two modes of responding generated distinct correspondence effects on performance induced by the same set of images. In terms of our EEG data, we found that neither motor (the lateralized readiness potential) nor visual (N100 and P100) potentials were sensitive to handle-response hand correspondence. However, an exploratory theta analysis revealed that changes in frontal theta power mirrored the different correspondence effects evoked by the image on key press responses versus reach and grasp actions. Importantly, our results provide a link between these disparate effects and the engagement of cognitive control, highlighting a possible role of top-down control processes in separating motor features from the task-irrelevant features of an object, and thus in claims regarding object affordances more generally.
中文翻译:
认知控制和自上而下的过程在对象能力中的作用
一个广受争议但值得商claim的主张是,即使在不需要要求观察者考虑所描绘物体的可抓握特性的感知任务中,像煎锅这样的物体的图片也会自动引发左手/右手抓握动作的特征。在这里,我们试图通过依靠一种方法来进一步阐明这一主张,该方法使我们能够在记录脑电图数据的同时区分运动码和空间码对左/右手反应选择的影响。在我们的实验中,当我们记录脑电图(EEG)数据时,参与者使用左/右按键或通过对位于中心的响应元件进行左/右手的抓握动作将煎锅的图像分类为竖直或倒置。符合先前的证据(Bub,Masson和实验心理学杂志:人类的感知和表现,47(1),53-80,2021),这两种响应模式对同一组图像所产生的性能产生了明显的对应影响。根据我们的EEG数据,我们发现运动电位(横向准备就绪电位)和视觉电位(N100和P100)都不会对手柄响应手的对应敏感。但是,探索性theta分析显示,额叶theta功率的变化反映了图像在按键反应与触及和抓握动作之间引起的不同对应效果。重要的是,我们的结果提供了这些不同效果与认知控制参与之间的联系,突显了自上而下的控制过程在将运动特征与对象的与任务无关的特征分离中的可能作用,因此在有关对象能力的要求中更多一般来说。