Objective

To review type 1 hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis to checkpoint inhibitor–monoclonal antibodies and its management with drug desensitization.

Data Sources

English-language literature on MEDLINE regarding hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, and checkpoint inhibitor–monoclonal antibodies.

Study Selections

References were selected based on relevance, novelty, robustness, and applicability.

Results

There are well-known tissue toxicities associated to checkpoint inhibitors, but hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis have been underreported. The presentation of these reactions is based on clinical phenotypes with underlying endotypes identified by specific biomarkers. Drug desensitizations have been successfully applied to checkpoint inhibitor drugs to allow patients with cancer to receive first-line therapies. This review provides current best practices for the recognition and diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis to checkpoint inhibitors and their management using drug desensitization.

Conclusion

Hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis have been identified as potential adverse effects induced by checkpoint inhibitor–monoclonal antibodies. Drug desensitization is a safe and effective treatment option for patients who experience hypersensitivity reactions in need of these monoclonal antibodies to improve cancer outcomes.

中文翻译：

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对检查点抑制剂-单克隆抗体和脱敏的超敏反应和过敏反应

客观的

审查对检查点抑制剂-单克隆抗体的 1 型超敏反应和过敏反应及其药物脱敏治疗。

数据源

MEDLINE 上关于超敏反应、过敏反应和检查点抑制剂单克隆抗体的英文文献。

研究选择

根据相关性、新颖性、稳健性和适用性选择参考文献。

结果

众所周知，检查点抑制剂有相关的组织毒性，但对超敏反应和过敏反应的报道不足。这些反应的表现是基于临床表型和特定生物标志物确定的潜在内型。药物脱敏已成功应用于检查点抑制剂药物，让癌症患者接受一线治疗。本综述提供了识别和诊断检查点抑制剂的超敏反应和过敏反应以及使用药物脱敏进行管理的当前最佳实践。

结论

超敏反应和过敏反应已被确定为检查点抑制剂单克隆抗体诱导的潜在不良反应。对于需要这些单克隆抗体来改善癌症结果的超敏反应患者来说，药物脱敏是一种安全有效的治疗选择。