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Laughing with Sacred Things, ca. 1100–1350: A History in Four Objects
Church History Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.1017/s0009640721000019
Peter J. A. Jones

Exploring the range of circumstances in which medieval Christians laughed with, against, at, and through religious topics, this article investigates four objects: an ivory cross, an ampulla of a saint's blood, a preaching codex, and a pilgrim's badge. While these objects are taken to illustrate a diversity of attitudes to religious humor, they are also, in light of recent work citing the productive power of medieval matter, scrutinized as agents in their own right. The article suggests two significant patterns. On the one hand, the objects point to laughter's use as a unique mode of spiritual practice. Through amusing miracles, through the provocative work of comic sermons, and through the playful humor of pilgrimage badges, Christians from the twelfth to the fourteenth centuries were able to use humor to relate to their faith in sophisticated and often counterintuitive ways. Yet as the four objects and their use also attest, these modes of comic relation were also subjected to clerical reduction and regulation. Harnessing the pedagogical potential of laughter especially, preachers, hagiographers, and clerics all worked to redirect more anarchic forms of religious humor toward functional ends. While tracing how laughter with Christian topics was increasingly encouraged, the article suggests that the price of this encouragement was that laughter was often brought into a more policed domain of orthodox Christian practice.

中文翻译:

笑与神圣的事物,约。1100–1350:四个对象的历史

本文探讨了中世纪基督徒因宗教话题、反对、嘲笑和通过宗教话题而大笑的各种情况,本文研究了四个对象:象牙十字架、圣人血的壶腹、讲道手抄本和朝圣者的徽章。虽然这些物品被用来说明对宗教幽默的不同态度,但根据最近引用中世纪物质生产力的工作,它们本身也被视为代理人。这篇文章提出了两种重要的模式。一方面,这些物品指向笑声作为一种独特的精神修行方式。通过有趣的奇迹,通过漫画布道的挑衅工作,以及朝圣徽章的俏皮幽默,12 至 14 世纪的基督徒能够以复杂且经常违反直觉的方式使用幽默与他们的信仰联系起来。然而,正如这四个对象及其使用所证明的那样,这些喜剧关系模式也受到了文书的简化和调节。特别是利用笑声的教学潜力,传教士、圣徒传教士和神职人员都致力于将更多无政府主义形式的宗教幽默转向功能性目的。虽然追踪基督教主题的笑声是如何越来越受到鼓励的,但该文章表明,这种鼓励的代价是笑声经常被带入正统基督教实践的更受监管的领域。这些喜剧关系模式也受到文书的简化和调节。特别是利用笑声的教学潜力,传教士、圣徒传教士和神职人员都致力于将更多无政府主义形式的宗教幽默转向功能性目的。虽然追踪基督教主题的笑声是如何越来越受到鼓励的,但该文章表明,这种鼓励的代价是笑声经常被带入正统基督教实践的更受监管的领域。这些喜剧关系模式也受到文书的简化和调节。特别是利用笑声的教学潜力,传教士、圣徒传教士和神职人员都致力于将更多无政府主义形式的宗教幽默转向功能性目的。虽然追踪基督教主题的笑声是如何越来越受到鼓励的,但该文章表明,这种鼓励的代价是笑声经常被带入正统基督教实践的更受监管的领域。
更新日期:2021-03-26
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