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Probable post-traumatic stress disorder and harmful alcohol use among male members of the British Police Forces and the British Armed Forces: a comparative study
European Journal of Psychotraumatology ( IF 5.783 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-25 , DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1891734
Patricia Irizar 1 , Sharon A M Stevelink 2, 3 , David Pernet 2 , Suzanne H Gage 1 , Neil Greenberg 2 , Simon Wessely 2 , Laura Goodwin 1 , Nicola T Fear 2, 4
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Background: British Armed Forces’ and Police Forces’ personnel are trained to operate in potentially traumatic conditions. Consequently, they may experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is often comorbid with harmful alcohol use.

Objective: We aimed to assess the proportions, and associations, of probable PTSD and harmful alcohol use among a covariate-balanced sample of male military personnel and police employees.

Methods: Proportions of probable PTSD, harmful alcohol use, and daily binge drinking, were explored using data from the police Airwave Health Monitoring Study (2007–2015) (N = 23,826) and the military Health and Wellbeing Cohort Study (phase 2: 2007–2009, phase 3: 2014–2016) (N = 7,399). Entropy balancing weights were applied to the larger police sample to make them comparable to the military sample on a range of pre-specified variables (i.e. year of data collection, age and education attainment). Multinomial and logistic regression analyses determined sample differences in outcome variables, and associated factors (stratified by sample).

Results: Proportions of probable PTSD were similar in military personnel and police employees (3.67% vs 3.95%), although the large sample size made these borderline significant (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 0.84; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.72 to 0.99). Clear differences were found in harmful alcohol use among military personnel, compared to police employees (9.59% vs 2.87%; AOR: 2.79; 95% CI: 2.42 to 3.21). Current smoking, which was more prevalent in military personnel, was associated with harmful drinking and binge drinking in both samples but was associated with PTSD in military personnel only. Conclusions: It is generally assumed that both groups have high rates of PTSD from traumatic exposures, however, low proportions of PTSD were observed in both samples, possibly reflecting protective effects of unit cohesion or resilience. The higher level of harmful drinking in military personnel may relate to more prominent drinking cultures or unique operational experiences.



中文翻译:

英国警察部队和英国武装部队男性成员可能患有创伤后应激障碍和有害饮酒:一项比较研究

摘要

背景:英国武装部队和警察部队的人员接受过在潜在创伤条件下作战的训练。因此,他们可能会经历创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD),这通常与有害饮酒并存。

目的:我们旨在评估男性军人和警察雇员的协变量平衡样本中可能的 PTSD 和有害饮酒的比例和关联。

方法:使用来自警方无线电波健康监测研究(2007-2015 年)(N  = 23,826)和军事健康与福祉队列研究(第 2 阶段:2007 年)的数据,探讨了可能的 PTSD、有害饮酒和每日酗酒的比例–2009 年,第 3 阶段:2014–2016 年)(N  = 7,399)。熵平衡权重应用于较大的警察样本,使它们在一系列预先指定的变量(即数据收集年份、年龄和受教育程度)上与军事样本具有可比性。多项式和逻辑回归分析确定了结果变量和相关因素(按样本分层)的样本差异。

结果:军事人员和警察雇员中可能患有 PTSD 的比例相似(3.67% 对 3.95%),尽管大样本量使这些临界值显着(调整后的优势比 (AOR):0.84;95% 置信区间 (CI):0.72至 0.99)。与警察雇员相比,军人在有害饮酒方面存在明显差异(9.59% 对 2.87%;AOR:2.79;95% CI:2.42 至 3.21)。当前吸烟在军人中更为普遍,在两个样本中都与有害饮酒和酗酒有关,但仅与军人中的创伤后应激障碍有关。结论:通常假设这两个群体的创伤后应激障碍发生率都很高,但是,在两个样本中都观察到低比例的创伤后应激障碍,这可能反映了单位凝聚力或复原力的保护作用。军人中较高水平的有害饮酒可能与更突出的饮酒文化或独特的作战经历有关。

更新日期:2021-03-26
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