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Impact of benzimidazole resistance on fitness parameters and fumonisin B1 production in Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc) Niremberg
European Journal of Plant Pathology ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s10658-021-02213-y
A. A. Malandrakis , D. Karamanou , F. Flouri

Fusarium verticillioides laboratory isolates resistant to carbendazim were readily obtained after mutagenesis with UV-irradiation. Three resistant phenotypes that included highly (HR, Resistant factors>30), moderately (MR, Rf: 14–25) and low (LR, Rf: 2–5) resistant isolates to carbendazim were identified by fungitoxicity tests in vitro. Mutant isolates were simultaneously resistant to thiabendazole and benomyl but not to the also tubulin-blocking fungicides diethofencarb and zoxamide. No cross resistance relationship was found between carbendazim and fungicides with different modes of action such as the dicarboximide iprodione, the QoI pyraclostrobin, the imidazole prochloraz, the triazoles flusilazole and epoxiconazole. Mutation(s) for resistance to benzimidazoles did not significantly affect mycelial growth rate whereas sporulation and pathogenicity were adversely affected in most of the resistant mutants. Moreover, low temperatures suppressed the expression of carbendazim-resistance in all resistant phenotypes. Most mutant isolates produced Fumonisin B1 in similar or less quantities than the wild-type isolate both in vitro and in vivo in the absence of carbendazim with the exception of one HR isolate which had up to 3-fold increased FB1 production. Sub lethal doses of carbendazim in the growth medium in vitro resulted in a significant reduction in FB1 levels in all cases even though most mutant isolates produced higher FB1 quantities than the wild type. A significant correlation was found between F. verticillioides sporulation and FB1 production on maize seeds. The potential risk of food and feed contamination by FB1 producing F. verticillioides isolates resistant to benzimidazoles and implications on resistance management strategies are discussed.



中文翻译:

苯并咪唑耐药性对纽伦堡镰刀菌(Fusarium v​​erticillioides)(Sacc)适应性参数和伏马菌素B1产量的影响

枯萎镰刀菌紫外线诱变后,很容易获得对多菌灵有抗药性的实验室分离株。通过体外真菌毒性试验鉴定了三种对多菌灵具有抗性的耐药表型,其中包括对多菌灵具有高耐药性(HR,抗性因子> 30),中等(MR,Rf:14–25)和低(LR,Rf:2–5)分离株。突变株同时对噻菌灵和苯菌灵具有抗性,但对微管蛋白封闭性杀真菌剂二氢呋喃威和恶唑胺也无抗药性。在多菌灵和具有不同作用方式的杀真菌剂(如双羧酰亚胺异丙二酮,QoI吡咯菌酯,咪唑丙草胺,三唑氟硅唑和环氧康唑)之间未发现交叉抗性关系。对苯并咪唑的抗性突变不会显着影响菌丝体的生长速度,而在大多数抗性突变体中,孢子形成和致病性均受到不利影响。此外,低温抑制了所有耐药表型中多菌灵耐药性的表达。在没有多菌灵的情况下,大多数突变株在体外和体内产生的伏马菌素B1的量与野生型分离株相似或更少,除了一种HR分离株,其FB1产量最多提高了3倍。在所有情况下,体外生长培养基中多菌灵的亚致死剂量在所有情况下均导致FB1水平显着降低,尽管大多数突变菌株产生的FB1量均高于野生型。发现之间存在显着相关性 低温抑制了所有耐药表型中多菌灵耐药性的表达。在没有多菌灵的情况下,大多数突变株在体外和体内产生的伏马菌素B1的量与野生型分离株相似或更少,除了一种HR分离株,其FB1产量最多提高了3倍。在所有情况下,体外生长培养基中多菌灵的亚致死剂量在所有情况下均导致FB1水平显着降低,尽管大多数突变菌株产生的FB1量均高于野生型。发现之间存在显着相关性 低温抑制了所有耐药表型中多菌灵耐药性的表达。在没有多菌灵的情况下,大多数突变株在体外和体内产生的伏马菌素B1的量与野生型分离株相似或更少,除了一种HR分离株,其FB1产量最多提高了3倍。在所有情况下,体外生长培养基中多菌灵的亚致死剂量在所有情况下均导致FB1水平显着降低,尽管大多数突变菌株产生的FB1量均高于野生型。发现之间存在显着相关性 在没有多菌灵的情况下,大多数突变株在体外和体内产生的伏马菌素B1的量与野生型分离株相似或更少,除了一种HR分离株,其FB1产量最多提高了3倍。在所有情况下,体外生长培养基中多菌灵的亚致死剂量在所有情况下均导致FB1水平显着降低,尽管大多数突变菌株产生的FB1量均高于野生型。发现之间存在显着相关性 在没有多菌灵的情况下,大多数突变株在体外和体内产生的伏马菌素B1的量与野生型分离株相似或更少,除了一种HR分离株,其FB1产量最多提高了3倍。在所有情况下,体外生长培养基中多菌灵的亚致死剂量在所有情况下均导致FB1水平显着降低,尽管大多数突变菌株产生的FB1量均高于野生型。发现之间存在显着相关性玉米种子上F. verticillioides的孢子形成和FB1的产生。讨论了由FB1产生的F. verticillioides分离株对苯并咪唑类耐药的食品和饲料污染的潜在风险及其对耐药性管理策略的影响。

更新日期:2021-03-25
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