Abstract

This present study seeks to understand tribological properties of 13Cr martensitic stainless steel (MSS) in austenitizing and tempering conditions (300, 550, and 700 °C). A ball-on-plate configuration with an alumina ball as the counterface was employed for dry sliding experiments. Complementary analytical techniques such as 3D optical profilometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and microhardness measurements were used to elucidate the operating wear mechanism. The results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF), wear rate, and wear mechanism changed significantly with tempering temperature. Austenitized and 300 °C tempering condition exhibited stable COF variations with time, whereas fluctuating and increasing COFs with time were observed in 550 and 700 °C tempering conditions, respectively. Wear resistance for the tempering condition was lower than that for the austenitizing condition, with the least wear resistance for the 550 °C tempering condition. The wear resistance of the alumina ball also followed the same trend as for 13Cr MSS. The least wear resistance of the counterface material was observed against the 550 °C tempering condition. These observations were attributed to the (a) formation of large amount of nanosized carbides and (b) embedment of the counterface material during sliding. The austenitizing and 300 °C tempering conditions showed abrasive plus mild oxidation wear mechanism, whereas tempering at 550 and 700 °C showed delamination plus the presence of adhesion traces and a compacted tribolayer plus severe oxidational wear mechanism, respectively. The present results clearly highlight the changes in wear mechanism of 13Cr MSS against the counterface alumina ball with the developed microstructural changes during tempering treatments.

摘要

本研究旨在了解 13Cr 马氏体不锈钢 (MSS) 在奥氏体化和回火条件（300、550 和 700 °C）下的摩擦学特性。以氧化铝球为配合面的球-板结构用于干滑动实验。补充分析技术，如 3D 光学轮廓仪、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜/能量色散光谱和显微硬度测量被用来阐明操作磨损机制。结果表明，摩擦系数(COF)、磨损率和磨损机理随回火温度发生显着变化。奥氏体化和 300 °C 回火条件随时间表现出稳定的 COF 变化，而分别在 550 和 700 °C 回火条件下观察到 COF 随时间波动和增加。回火条件的耐磨性低于奥氏体化条件，550℃回火条件的耐磨性最低。氧化铝球的耐磨性也遵循与 13Cr MSS 相同的趋势。在 550 °C 回火条件下观察到配合面材料的耐磨性最低。这些观察结果归因于（a）大量纳米碳化物的形成和（b）滑动过程中对接材料的嵌入。奥氏体化和 300 °C 回火条件显示出磨料加轻度氧化磨损机制，而在 550 和 700 °C 回火显示分层加粘附痕迹的存在和压实的摩擦层加严重氧化磨损机制，分别。