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Mechanical strength of stainless steel and titanium alloy mini-implants with different diameters: an experimental laboratory study
Progress in Orthodontics ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 , DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00352-w Sérgio Estelita Barros , Viviane Vanz , Kelly Chiqueto , Guilherme Janson , Eduardo Ferreira
Progress in Orthodontics ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 , DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00352-w Sérgio Estelita Barros , Viviane Vanz , Kelly Chiqueto , Guilherme Janson , Eduardo Ferreira
The mechanical strength of mini-implants is a critical factor due to their small diameters. Currently, it is not possible to state whether there is a relevant difference between the mechanical properties of stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy mini-implants (TA-MIs). The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the mechanical strength of SS-MIs and TA-MIs, and to analyze, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the SS-MI, and TA-MI threads resistance to morphological damage after insertion. A standardized sample of 504 SS-MIs and TA-MIs with diameters ranging from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm was used. Torsional fracture was performed in 154 MIs. Flexural strength of 280 MIs was evaluated at 1 mm and 2 mm-deflection. The threads of 70 MIs were morphologically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), before and after their insertion in high-density artificial bone blocks. Comparisons between SS-MIs and TA-MIs were performed with t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of variables on the ranging of MI mechanical strength. SS-MIs had higher fracture torque. The mean difference between the SS-MIs and TA-MIs fracture torque was of 4.09 Ncm. The MI diameter explained 90.3% of the total variation in fracture torque, while only 2.2% was explained by the metallic alloy. The SS-MI group presented a higher deformation force during the 1mm and 2mm-deflection. The mean difference between the flexural strength of SS and TA-MIs at 1 mm and 2 mm-deflection was of 18.21 N and 17.55 N, respectively. There was no noticeable morphological damage to the threads of SS-MIs and TA-MIs. The null hypothesis was rejected. SS-MIs were 13.2% and 20.2% more resistant to torsional fracture and deflection, respectively. The threads of the SS-MIs and TA-MIs were not damaged during the insertion and removal process. Thus, the use of SS-MI can reduce the fracture risk without increasing the MI diameter.
中文翻译:
不同直径的不锈钢和钛合金微型植入物的机械强度:实验研究
微型植入物的机械强度由于其较小的直径而成为关键因素。当前,尚无法说明不锈钢(SS-MIs)和钛合金微型植入物(TA-MIs)的机械性能之间是否存在相关差异。这项研究的目的是检验无效假设,即SS-MI和TA-MI的机械强度没有差异,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析SS-MI和TA-MI螺纹插入后抵抗形态损伤。使用504个SS-MI和TA-MI的标准化样品,其直径范围为1.2毫米至1.8毫米。在154 MI中进行了扭转骨折。在1 mm和2 mm挠度下评估了280 MIs的抗弯强度。用扫描电镜(SEM)对70个MI的螺纹进行了形态学分析,在将它们插入高密度人造骨块之前和之后。使用t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验对SS-MI和TA-MI进行比较。多元线性回归分析用于评估变量对MI机械强度范围的影响。SS-MIs具有较高的断裂扭矩。SS-MIs和TA-MIs断裂扭矩之间的平均差为4.09 Ncm。MI直径解释了断裂扭矩总变化的90.3%,而金属合金仅解释了2.2%。SS-MI组在1mm和2mm的变形中表现出较高的变形力。SS和TA-MI的挠曲强度在1 mm和2 mm挠度下的平均差分别为18.21 N和17.55N。SS-MI和TA-MI的螺纹没有明显的形态损伤。零假设被拒绝了。SS-MI对扭转断裂和挠曲的抵抗力分别提高了13.2%和20.2%。在插入和移除过程中,SS-MI和TA-MI的线程没有损坏。因此,SS-MI的使用可以在不增加MI直径的情况下降低骨折风险。
更新日期:2021-03-22
中文翻译:
不同直径的不锈钢和钛合金微型植入物的机械强度:实验研究
微型植入物的机械强度由于其较小的直径而成为关键因素。当前,尚无法说明不锈钢(SS-MIs)和钛合金微型植入物(TA-MIs)的机械性能之间是否存在相关差异。这项研究的目的是检验无效假设,即SS-MI和TA-MI的机械强度没有差异,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析SS-MI和TA-MI螺纹插入后抵抗形态损伤。使用504个SS-MI和TA-MI的标准化样品,其直径范围为1.2毫米至1.8毫米。在154 MI中进行了扭转骨折。在1 mm和2 mm挠度下评估了280 MIs的抗弯强度。用扫描电镜(SEM)对70个MI的螺纹进行了形态学分析,在将它们插入高密度人造骨块之前和之后。使用t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验对SS-MI和TA-MI进行比较。多元线性回归分析用于评估变量对MI机械强度范围的影响。SS-MIs具有较高的断裂扭矩。SS-MIs和TA-MIs断裂扭矩之间的平均差为4.09 Ncm。MI直径解释了断裂扭矩总变化的90.3%,而金属合金仅解释了2.2%。SS-MI组在1mm和2mm的变形中表现出较高的变形力。SS和TA-MI的挠曲强度在1 mm和2 mm挠度下的平均差分别为18.21 N和17.55N。SS-MI和TA-MI的螺纹没有明显的形态损伤。零假设被拒绝了。SS-MI对扭转断裂和挠曲的抵抗力分别提高了13.2%和20.2%。在插入和移除过程中,SS-MI和TA-MI的线程没有损坏。因此,SS-MI的使用可以在不增加MI直径的情况下降低骨折风险。