Abstract The nominal anuran species Crossodactylus gaudichaudii Duméril and Bibron, 1841 and Crossodactylus aeneus Müller, 1924 are indistinguishable based on adult and larval morphology, being subject of taxonomic doubts. Here, we describe the karyotypes of C. gaudichaudii and C. aeneus, using classical and molecular cytogenetic markers. In addition, we used sequences of the H1 mitochondrial DNA to infer their phylogenetic relationships by Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) approaches and species delimitation test (by bPTP approach). The karyotypic data do not differentiate C. gaudichaudii and C. aeneus in any of the chromosome markers assessed. In both phylogenetic analyses, C. gaudichaudii and C. aeneus were recovered into a strongly supported clade. The species delimitation analysis recovered the specimens assigned to C. gaudichaudii and C. aeneus as a single taxonomic unit. Taken the cytogenetic and genetic results together with previous studies of internal and external morphology of tadpoles and biacoustic pattern, C. gaudichaudii and C. aeneus could not be differentiated, which supports the hypothesis that they correspond to the same taxonomic unit, with C. aeneus being a junior synonym of C. gaudichaudii.

中文翻译：

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细胞遗传学和遗传数据支持C. gaudichaudiiDuméril和Bibron，1841年的新初级同义词，Crossodactylus aeneusMüller，1841年（Amphibia，Anura）

摘要基于成虫和幼虫的形态，没有分类的无名无名种克氏球菌Duméril和Bibron（1841年）和克氏球菌（1924年）是分类学上的疑问。在这里，我们描述了使用经典和分子细胞遗传学标记的C. gaudichaudii和C. aeneus的核型。此外，我们使用H1线粒体DNA序列通过最大似然（ML）和最大简约（MP）方法以及物种定界测试（通过bPTP方法）来推断它们的系统发生关系。核型数据不能在所评估的任何染色体标记中区分高迪氏梭菌和埃尼乌斯梭菌。在两种系统发育分析中，高迪梭菌和埃尼乌斯梭菌都被回收到一个有力支撑的进化枝中。物种定界分析回收了分配给C的标本。gaudichaudii和C. aeneus作为单一分类单位。结合细胞遗传学和遗传学结果以及先前对of的内部和外部形态以及双声模式的研究，无法区分C. gaudichaudii和C. aeneus，这支持了以下假设：它们与C. aeneus对应于相同的分类单位。是C. gaudichaudii的初级同义词。