ABSTRACT

Relations between religion and nationalism, as two identity forms, has been debated in Muslim countries, especially where the nationalist trends coincided with the rise of religious reformation and Pan-Islamic movements. This article scrutinizes discourses on linking a transnational ideology of Pan-Islamism with Afghan nationalism in an early twentieth century nationalist newspaper, Seraj-ul Akhbar. The newspaper presents a unique case for this study since it was a platform for dissemination of both ideologies simultaneously. Unlike the later Muslim Brotherhood intellectuals and Muhammad Iqbal, Seraj-ul Akhbar authors did not see a contradiction between Pan-Islamism and territorial nationalism. They formulated a universal Muslim unity going through the national state structure, but not bypassing them. Meanwhile, Seraj-ul Akhbar appropriated the religious language for strengthening national unity. In this way, nationalistic and Pan-Islamic concepts were used to craft a nationally stable identity. It is argued that Pan-Islamism is not a unitary universal transnational ideology, rather it is often embedded in different national, language, and ethnic boundaries.

中文翻译：

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民族主义还是跨国主义？ Seraj-ul Akhbar 的阿富汗民族主义和泛伊斯兰主义

摘要

作为两种身份形式的宗教与民族主义之间的关系在穆斯林国家一直存在争议，特别是在民族主义思潮与宗教改革和泛伊斯兰运动兴起的同时。本文仔细研究了 20 世纪早期民族主义报纸 Seraj-ul Akhbar 中关于将泛伊斯兰主义的跨国意识形态与阿富汗民族主义联系起来的论述。该报为这项研究提供了一个独特的案例，因为它是同时传播两种意识形态的平台。与后来的穆斯林兄弟会知识分子和穆罕默德·伊克巴尔不同，Seraj-ul Akhbar 的作者没有看到泛伊斯兰主义和领土民族主义之间的矛盾。他们通过民族国家结构制定了一个普遍的穆斯林团结，但没有绕过它们。同时，Seraj-ul Akhbar 使用宗教语言来加强民族团结。通过这种方式，民族主义和泛伊斯兰概念被用来塑造国家稳定的身份。有人认为，泛伊斯兰主义不是一个统一的、普遍的跨国意识形态，而是经常嵌入不同的国家、语言和种族边界。