当前位置: X-MOL 学术Work and Occupations › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Unemployment Experts: Governing the Job Search in the New Economy
Work and Occupations ( IF 2.410 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-20 , DOI: 10.1177/07308884211003652
Patrick Sheehan 1
Affiliation  

In recent years, sociologists have examined unemployment and job searching as important arenas in which workers are socialized to accept the terms of an increasingly precarious economy. While noting the importance of expert knowledge in manufacturing the consent of workers, research has largely overlooked the experts themselves that produce such knowledge. Who are these experts and what kinds of advice do they give? Drawing on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork conducted at three job search clubs, the author develops a three-fold typology of “unemployment experts”: Job Coaches present a technical diagnosis that centers mastery of job-hunting techniques; Self-help Gurus present a moral diagnosis focused on the job seeker’s attitude; and Skill-certifiers present a human capital diagnosis revolving around the job seeker’s productive capacities. By offering alternative diagnoses and remedies for unemployment, these experts give job seekers a sense of choice in interpreting their situation and acting in the labor market. However, the multiple discourses ultimately help to secure consent to precarious labor markets by drawing attention to a range of individual deficiencies within workers while obfuscating structural and relational explanations of unemployment. The author also finds that many unemployment experts themselves faced dislocations from professional careers and are making creative claims to expertise. By focusing on experts and their varied messages, this paper reveals how the victims of precarious work inadvertently help to legitimate the new employment regime.



中文翻译:

失业专家:管理新经济中的求职

近年来,社会学家将失业和找工作视为重要的领域,在这些领域中,工人被社会化了以接受日益不稳定的经济条件。尽管注意到专家知识在征得工人同意方面的重要性,但研究在很大程度上忽略了产生此类知识的专家本身。这些专家是谁?他们会提供什么样的建议?借助在三个求职俱乐部进行的访谈和人种志田野调查,作者得出了“失业专家”的三种类型的分类:求职教练提出了一种技术诊断,以掌握求职技巧为中心;自助大师提供了一种针对求职者态度的道德诊断;和技能认证者提供围绕求职者生产能力的人力资本诊断。通过提供失业的替代诊断和补救措施,这些专家为求职者提供了一种选择感,可以解释他们的处境并在劳动力市场上行动。然而,多种多样的论述最终通过引起人们对工人内部各种缺陷的关注,同时又使对失业的结构性和关系性的解释变得模糊,最终有助于确保对不稳定的劳动力市场的同意。作者还发现,许多失业专家本人也面临着职业生涯的错位,并且对专业知识提出了创造性的主张。通过关注专家及其各种信息,本文揭示了不稳定工作的受害者是如何在无意中帮助使新的就业制度合法化的。这些专家使求职者在解释自己的处境和在劳动力市场上行动时有选择的感觉。然而,多种多样的论述最终通过引起人们对工人内部各种缺陷的关注,同时又使对失业的结构性和关系性的解释变得模糊,最终有助于确保对不稳定的劳动力市场的同意。作者还发现,许多失业专家本人也面临着职业生涯的错位,并且对专业知识提出了创造性的主张。通过关注专家及其各种信息,本文揭示了不稳定工作的受害者是如何在无意中帮助使新的就业制度合法化的。这些专家使求职者在解释自己的处境和在劳动力市场上行动时有选择的感觉。然而,多种多样的论述最终通过引起人们对工人内部各种缺陷的关注,同时又使对失业的结构性和关系性的解释变得模糊,最终有助于确保对不稳定的劳动力市场的同意。作者还发现,许多失业专家本人也面临着职业生涯的错位,并且对专业知识提出了创造性的主张。通过关注专家及其各种信息,本文揭示了不稳定工作的受害者是如何在无意中帮助使新的就业制度合法化的。多种论述最终通过引起人们对工人内部各种缺陷的关注,同时混淆了对失业的结构性和关系性解释,最终有助于确保对不稳定的劳动力市场的同意。作者还发现,许多失业专家本人也面临着职业生涯的错位,并且对专业知识提出了创造性的主张。通过关注专家及其各种信息,本文揭示了不稳定工作的受害者是如何在无意中帮助使新的就业制度合法化的。多种论述最终通过引起人们对工人内部各种缺陷的关注,同时混淆了对失业的结构性和关系性解释,最终有助于确保对不稳定的劳动力市场的同意。作者还发现,许多失业专家本人也面临着职业生涯的错位,并且对专业知识提出了创造性的主张。通过关注专家及其各种信息,本文揭示了不稳定工作的受害者是如何在无意中帮助使新的就业制度合法化的。

更新日期:2021-03-21
down
wechat
bug